Several molecules and cellular pathways have been implicated in nociceptive signaling, but their precise molecular mechanisms have not been clearly defined. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase implicated in the development and disease of the mammalian nervous system. The precise role of this kinase in sensory pathways has not been well characterized. H...

Background & Aim: Family Zingiberaceae is worldwide in   distribution. Plants of the zingiberaceae family are used in traditional   herbal folk medicine besides their uses in spices, cosmetic, ornamental, food   preservatives etc. In Uttarakhand the herbs grow from sub-tropical to   temperate region. Globba sessiliflora Simsrhizomes were collected at maturity stage in ...

Background & Aim: Family Zingiberaceae is worldwide in   distribution. Plants of the zingiberaceae family are used in traditional   herbal folk medicine besides their uses in spices, cosmetic, ornamental, food   preservatives etc. In Uttarakhand the herbs grow from sub-tropical to   temperate region. Globba sessiliflora Simsrhizomes were collected at maturity stage in ...

There has been a consistent gap in understanding how TNF-α neutralization affects the disease state of arthritis patients so rapidly, considering that joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition with structural changes. We thus hypothesized that neutralization of TNF-α acts through the CNS before directly affecting joint inflammation. Through use of functional MRI (fMRI), ...

AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of carvacryl acetate, a derivative of carvacrol, in mice. MAIN METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using various phlogistic agents that induce paw edema, peritonitis model, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. Evaluation of antinocicep...

Eight novel 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl]-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazoles (3a-h) have been synthesized in order to obtain new compounds with potential anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity. The titled compounds were synthesized by the condensation of 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) ethyl]-1H-benzotriazole (2) and appropriate acid chlorides. Compound 2 was synthesized by reacting 3-(1H-benzo[d][1,...

Existential social psychology studies show that awareness of one's eventual death profoundly influences human cognition and behaviour by inducing defensive reactions against end-of-life related anxiety. Much less is known about the impact of reminders of mortality on brain activity. Therefore we explored whether reminders of mortality influence subjective ratings of intensity and threat of audi...

Introduction: Although formalin-induced activity in primary afferent fibers and spinal dorsal ‎horn is well described, the midbrain neural basis underlying each phase of behavior in ‎formalin test has not been clarified. The present study was designed to investigate the nucleus ‎cuneiformis (CnF)‎‏ ‏neuronal responses during two phases after subcutaneous injection of ‎formalin into the hind paw...

We have recently demonstrated that application of the mustard oil (MO), a small-fiber excitant and inflammatory irritant, to the rat maxillary molar tooth pulp induces significant increases in jaw muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity and neuroplastic changes in trigeminal (V) subnucleus caudalis. Since subnucleus oralis (Vo) as well as caudalis receives projections from molar pulp afferents ...

plants from the genus phyllanthus like phyllanthus muellerianus have long been used in folk medicine for several ailments including fevers, toothache, dysmenorrhea, anemia and paralysis. despite these folkloric uses, there is little scientific data supporting the use of this plant in the management of pain. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of phyl...