Brick industry in India is the second largest brick producer in the world after China. The industry is one of the largest employment generating industries employing millions of people. The present study focuses on the brick industries located in North Karnataka, India, where about 1500 brick kilns are operating employing thousands of workers. The main aim of this study is to investigate the sel...

This study examined the photocatalytic oxidation of gas-phase trichloroethylene (TCE) and 2-propanol, at indoor levels, over titanium dioxide (TiO₂) irradiated with light-emitting diodes (LED) under different operational conditions. TiO₂ powder baked at 450 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic decomposition efficiency (PDE) for TCE, while all photocatalysts baked at different temperatures sh...

Bamboo salt is a traditional Korean baked solar salt, processed by packing the solar salt (sea salt) in bamboo tubes and heating several times at high temperatures. The anti-tumor activity of bamboo salt was investigated and compared to those of other salt’s samples. Though solar salt and purified salt exhibited high tumor weight, bamboo salt is associated with a lower weight of tumor. Bamboo s...

Background Air quality monitoring in brick kilns indicates very high concentrations of airborne particulate matter. Air pollution from brick kilns poses an enhanced threat to the environment and to human health. Objective To evaluate airborne particulate matter concentration and health status of brick kiln workers. Method A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Kathmandu valley...

Chinese Fuzhuan brick-tea is a unique microbial fermented tea characterized by a period of fungal growth during its manufacturing process. The aim of the present study was to characterize, both physicochemically and microbiologically, traditional industrial production processes of Fuzhuan brick-tea. Fermenting tea samples were collected from the largest manufacturer. Physicochemical analyses sh...

Calculating heat transfer in building components is an important and nontrivial task. Thus, this work, we extensively examined 13 numerical methods to solve the linear conduction equation walls. Eight of used are recently invented explicit algorithms which unconditionally stable. First, performed verification tests a 2D case by comparing them analytical solutions, using equidistant non-equidist...

Fast and accurate assessments of macro micronutrients in food can be used to balance the diet millions people around world. This help prevent development chronic diseases such as obesity diabetes. Modern analytical methods that reveal information about nutritional composition are destructive laborious. In this study, we examine potential Raman spectroscopy non-invasive, non-destructive, quantit...

Sourdough fermentation, a traditional biotechnology for making leavened baked goods, was almost completely replaced by the use of baker's yeast and chemical leavening agents in the last century. Recently, it has been rediscovered by the scientific community, consumers, and producers, thanks to several effects on organoleptic, technological, nutritional, and functional features of cereal-based p...

The main objective of the study was to compare the effects of halogen lamp–microwave combination baking on quality of breads with other baking methods (conventional, microwave and halogen lamp baking). It was also aimed to improve the quality of microwave baked breads by using combination oven. Weight loss, specific volume, firmness and color of the breads were measured as quality parameters. H...

This paper presents a novel background model for video surveillance—Spatio-Temporal Patch based Background Modeling (STPBM). We use spatio-temporal patches, called bricks, to characterize both the appearance and motion information. Our method is based on the observation that all the background bricks at a given location under all possible lighting conditions lie in a low dimensional background ...