This paper compares the informativeness of discretionary research and development (R&D) capitalization under IAS 38 with non-discretionary “as-if” R&D capitalization. While prior consistently demonstrated capital market benefits capitalization, evidence for reported are less favorable due to earnings management concerns. Because studies based on adjusted data assuming resulting numbers free fro...

Efforts to improve the quality and costs of U.S. health care have focused largely on fostering physician adherence to evidence-based guidelines, ignoring the role of clinical judgment in more discretionary settings. We surveyed primary care physicians to assess variability in discretionary decision making and evaluate its relationship to the cost of health care. Physicians in high-spending regi...

PURPOSE To examine the effects of patient, physician, and health care system characteristics on primary care physicians' (PCPs') specialty referral decision making. METHODS Physicians (n=142) and their practices (n=83) located in 30 states completed background questionnaires and collected survey data for all patient visits (n=34,069) made during 15 consecutive workdays. The authors modeled th...

A decade ago in a paper, “Reassessing Discretionary Fiscal Policy,” published in the Journal of Economic Perspectives, I concluded that “in the current context of the US economy, it seems best to let fiscal policy have its main countercyclical impact through the automatic stabilizers ... It would be appropriate in the current circumstances for discretionary fiscal policy to be saved explicitly ...

BACKGROUND Accountable care organizations (ACOs) seek to reduce growth in healthcare spending while ensuring high-quality care. We hypothesized that accountable care organization implementation would selectively limit the use of discretionary cardiovascular care (defined as care occurring in the absence of indications such as myocardial infarction or stroke), while maintaining high-quality care...

This research contributes to extend Business Process Management (BPM) systems with resilience support. We applied concepts derived from resilience engineering and the study of hazards in highly reliable organizations to characterize resilient BPM. We developed a resilience framework based on two criteria, control, which may be prescriptive, mixed or discretionary, and response, considering plan...

We consider a model of strategic information transmission in which a firm can communicate its quality to consumers through informative advertising. Our main result is that informative advertising claims can be credible even when the firm faces consumers with ex ante homogeneous preferences. A fundamental assumption of our model is that whether the product is available for purchase is independen...