background: women with polycystic ovary syndrome have lower pregnancy rates, possibly due to the decreased uterine  receptivity.successful implantation depends on protein networks that are essential for cross-talk between the embryo and endometrium.apolipoprotein a1 has been proposed as a putative anti-implantation factor. in this study, we evaluated apolipoprotein a1 expression in human endome...

background : immunological response of host and parasite play a key role in developing vaccina­tion and immunization. the present study deals with the immune response and effecter mechanism, which was confirmed by migration inhibition factor (mif).  methods : the present work was conducted in parasitological lab of postgraduate department of zool­ogy, government holkar science college, indore (...

Fasciolosis is a disease caused by liver fluck of the genus of fasciola. Diagnosis of fasciolosis has been challenging for a long period due to low sensitivity of the coprological diagnostic method. In this study, an in-house Dot-ELISA method; using excretion–secretory (ES Ag) and Crude (Cr Ag) antigens of fasciola was described for diagnosis of fasciolosis in cattle. For this...

Objective: The present study was aimed to study anti-diarrhoeal activity of a polyherbal formulation (PHF) in rats and elucidate its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: Anti-diarrhoeal activity of PHF was investigated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea, small intestinal transit and enteropooling models in rats. PHF was tested at 75, 150 and 300 mg...

In this study, the vegetative anatomy of Artemisia umbelliformis subsp. eriantha, a Central European alpine glacial relict, wild-growing on Mt. Durmitor (Montenegro) was examined for first time. The aim to investigate general and particular anatomical traits which might have possible taxonomic value. Microscopic slides were prepared according standard histological procedures. adventitious young...

protein secretory systems are found in all living organisms including gram negative bacteria, and eukaryotic cell’s organelles that are derived from these bacteria. unlike all other living organisms, gram negative bacteria have different protein secretory systems. at least there are four different independent secretory systems, which are responsible to transport the secreted proteins to the mil...

CASE SUMMARY A male neutered Ragdoll cat aged 11 years and 9 months presented with a 6 month history of weight loss and a 1 month history of lethargy and adipsia. A thorough clinical investigation confirmed a diagnosis of primary adipsia and hypernatraemia secondary to a non-secretory neuroendocrine pituitary macroadenoma. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION Primary adipsia is a very rare clinica...

We report a very rare case of extensive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast with secretory features in a 30-year old Japanese woman. The patient presented with a nodule in the lower inner quadrant of the left breast measuring approximately 2-3 cm, accompanied by an irregular tumor shadow with segmental microcalcification on mammography. These findings suggested malignancy, and excisio...

In eukaryotes, the final steps in both the regulated and constitutive secretory pathways can be divided into four distinct stages: (i) the 'approach' of secretory vesicles/granules to the PM (plasma membrane), (ii) the 'docking' of these vesicles/granules at the membrane itself, (iii) the 'priming' of the secretory vesicles/granules for the fusion process, and, finally, (iv) the 'fusion' of ves...

background: ornithobilharziosis as one of the parasitic infections may give rise to serious economic problems in animal husbandry. the aim of the study was to prepare and compare the somatic and excretory-secretory (es) antigens of o. tur­kestanicum in gel diffusion test. methods: excretory-secretory (es) and somatic antigens of ornithobilharzia turkestanicum were prepared from collected worms ...