The non-Hermitian skin effect, as a unique feature of systems, will break the topological energy braiding Bloch bands in open boundary systems. Going beyond band theory, we unveil non-Bloch by introducing one-dimensional tight-binding model. We find generic class such Hopf link, which is generally generated effect. topologically robust against any perturbations without gap closing. Furthermore,...

In this paper, we study the separtion axioms $T_0,T_1,T_2$ and $T_{5/2}$ on topological and semitopological residuated lattices and we show that they are equivalent on topological residuated lattices. Then we prove that for every infinite cardinal number $alpha$, there exists at least one nontrivial Hausdorff topological residuated lattice of cardinality $alpha$. In the follows, we obtain some ...

We call a topological ordering of a weighted directed acyclic graph non-negative if the sum of weights on the vertices in any prefix of the ordering is non-negative. We investigate two processes for constructing non-negative topological orderings of weighted directed acyclic graphs. The first process is called a mark sequence and the second is a generalization called a mark-unmark sequence. We ...

Nowadays, geospatial information systems (GIS) are widely used to solve different spatial problems based on various types of fundamental data: spatial, temporal, attribute and topological relations. Topological relations are the most important part of GIS which distinguish it from the other kinds of information technologies. One of the important mechanisms for representing topological relations...