Ionic polymer metal composite is a class of electro-active polymers which are very attractive smart actuators due to its large bending deflection, high mechanical flexibility, low excitation voltage, low density, and ease of fabrication. These properties make IPMC a proper candidate for many applications in various fields such as robotics, aerospace, biomedicine, etc. Although the actuation beh...

large panel precast structures are analyzed based on the connection rigidity. however, the connections undergo nonlinear and inelastic response, when subjected to seismic loads. thus, to study the actual behavior of structure, the connection nonlinearity should be implemented in the joints. in this paper, three conventional connection types are modeled based on the envelope of their cyclic resp...

CA2 (Continuum Analysis, 2- dimensional) is a computer program developed by the author. CA2 can solve a variety of complex geotechnical problems using explicit finite difference method. In this paper, an introduction will be given to the theoretical and numerical basis of the program and the capability of the code will be shown by solving a few interesting nonlinear and transient problems. Fina...