BACKGROUND Standardizing the interpretation of "stat", "emergent", "urgent", and "now" medication orders can improve patient safety. However, the effect of implementing standardized definitions on the turnaround time for medication orders in hospital pharmacy dispensaries has not been studied. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of using formal definitions for "stat", "emergent", "urgent", and ...

We analyze the disparities between several race and ethnic groups in a fundamental measure of population health: the rate at which infants die. Using micro-level Vital Statistics data from 2000 to 2004, we separate mortality disparities into three temporal components, and we assess the extent to which these components are predictable by observable background characteristics. The temporal patter...

While increased life expectancy in the U.S. has been used as justification for raising the Social Security retirement ages, independent researchers have reported that life expectancy declined in recent decades for white women with less than a high school education. However, there has been a dramatic rise in educational attainment in the U.S. over the 20th century suggesting a more adversely sel...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine utility of appending International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from Vital Statistics Mortality (VSM) data to Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), and compare occupational event characteristics based on ICD external cause and BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS) event...

Changes in analytical procedures, and detection limits with sub-detection limit data censoring, can have profound effects on trend analysis and add tedium and uncertainty to the process. Less accurate methods early in the record may produce not only high-biased data but also greater variance. The consequence of this is an artificial induction of a down-trend. In datasets with multiple procedure...

Landscape classification and hydrological regionalisation studies are being increasingly used in ecohydrology to aid in the management and research of aquatic resources. We present a methodology for classifying hydrologic landscapes based on spatial environmental variables by employing non-parametric statistics and hybrid image classification. Our approach differed from previous classifications...

The aim of the research is to examine depression in parents of children with cerebral palsy, with hypothesis to have more depressive symptom among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. The sample of examinees (between 23 and 62 age) was used in this research. The first subsample of examinees (N=23) was made of mothers (average 33±5.83) of children with cerebral palsy. The second subsample of...

In 2010, the top five causes of death in the United States were 1) diseases of the heart, 2) cancer, 3) chronic lower respiratory diseases, 4) cerebrovascular diseases (stroke), and 5) unintentional injuries. The rates of death from each cause vary greatly across the 50 states and the District of Columbia (2). An understanding of state differences in death rates for the leading causes might hel...

Self-assessment questionnaires in rehabilitative audiology typically possess the measurement characteristics of scales based on forced-choice and rank-order. Data from these ordinal scales neither support arithmetic analysis nor arithmetic interpretation. However, powerful nonparametric statistics are available for application to data from ordinal level questionnaires. Thus, methodologic princi...

Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical tool to combine results from a set of studies. When image data is available for each study, a number of approaches have been proposed to perform such meta-analysis including combination of standardised statistics, just effect estimates or both effects estimates and their sampling variance. While the latter is the preferred approach in the statistical comm...