Background: Fetus-In-Fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital malformation, which consists of a fetus mixed with a distinct tissue that is from the other fetus of twin. FIF is defined as a mass containing a vertebral axis often associated with other organs or limbs around this central axis.Case report: The patient was a two day old girl infant who due to a mass in a sacrum area measuring 8.5 x 12.5 cm w...

The maternal hormonal and metabolic milieu adapt in normal pregnancy to provide the developing fetus with an optimal nutrient supply that is delivered via placenta. This supply, however, disturbed all types of diabetes obesity, resulting greater mixed fetus. Our research suggests placenta limited preventing excess glucose transfer In fact, once becomes hyperinsulinaemic early phases macrosomia,...

Recently, multiple time scale characteristics of heart dynamics have received much attention for distinguishing healthy and pathologic cardiac systems. Despite structural peculiarities of the fetal cardiovascular system, the fetal heart rate(FHR) displays multiple time scale characteristics similar to the adult heart rate due to the autorhythmicity of its different oscillatory tissues and its i...

Leukemia affects approximately 1 in 10000 pregnancies. Women with leukemia have nonspecific symptoms and some of them could also be attributed to pregnancy. Antineoplastic chemotherapy uses cytotoxic agents with potential adverse effects on the fetus, especially in the first trimester causing malformations or weight gain restriction in the second and third trimester and delay in neurological de...

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of quantitative anatomic data regarding human great vessel development that could be useful as a reference for fetal echocardiographers who must distinguish abnormal from normal cardiac development at early stages. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine normal growth patterns, we plotted the diameters of the aortic and pulmonary valves, ductus arteriosus, aortic isthmu...

labor is a physiological event involving a sequential, integrated set of changes within the myometrium, deciduas, and uterine cervix that occur gradually over a period of days to weeks. biochemical connective tissue changes in the uterine cervix appear to precede uterine contractions and cervical dilation, and all of these events usually occur before rupture of the fetal membranes. in other wor...

Title: Normal intracranial translucency values during first trimester gestation in regional south Indian population: cross sectional study.Background: Pregnancy is associated with a plethora of changes, which has to be monitored regularly diagnostics like ultrasound, however the shortcomings US requires alternatives such as detect anatomic malformations fetus.Estimate normal reference screenin...