OBJECTIVE The optimization of medical exposure is one of the major issues regarding radiation protection in the world, and The International Committee of Radiological Protection and the International Atomic Energy Agency recommend establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as tools for dose optimization. Therefore, the development of DRLs based on the latest survey has been required for nu...

Clarification of hypotheses can improve research design, measurements, data analysis, and interpretation of results. I will describe how hypotheses could be clarified during the design of an epidemiologic study of cancer risks near nuclear facilities in the United States. Based on what is known about age variation in radiation sensitivity and difficulties in evaluating other cancer risk factors...

During the operation and the decommissioning of a nuclear site the operator must assure the protection of the workers and the environment. It must furthermore identify and classify the various wastes, while optimizing the associated costs. At all stages of the decommissioning radiological measurements are performed to determine the initial situation, to monitor the demolition and clean-up, and ...

Nuclear power is a sustainable energy source, but radiation management required for its safe use. Radiation-detection technology has been developed the of radioactive materials in nuclear facilities performance may vary depending on size and complexity structure facilities. In this study, monitoring system using multi-sensor network was designed to monitor large facility. Additionally, an artif...

ENRESA is the national company in charge of radioactive waste management in Spain. The company was set up in 1984, and one of its missions is the dismantling of nuclear facilities. ENRESA has carried out the dismantling of the Vandellós 1 nuclear power plant, several research installations and a pool type experimental reactor and is currently initiating the dismantling of the José Cabrera nucle...

After the Chernobyl accident, a National Emergency Plan of protective measures for radiological emergencies has been set up in Italy to cope with nuclear risks which require actions at national level. Since the Italian nuclear power plants are, at present, not operational, the most relevant nuclear risk source identified in the National Emergency Plan is related to an accident occurring in a nu...

Due to the phasing out of nuclear energy in Germany there are a growing number of nuclear facilities that have to be decommissioned within the next years. In this context a multitude of surfaces in nuclear facilities have to be decontaminated. Manipulator-deployed systems offer a suitable solution and are properly designed for this kind of task. Beyond that they can be used for the processing o...

In the Japan Power Demonstration Reactor decommissioning program remote handling technologies were developed that could be successfully applied to dismantling the core components and verified by successful work accomplishment. However, wider applications and intelligence to the work process were required to perform dismantling work efficiently. The dual arm systems and their control mechanism h...

The meta-analysis combined and statistically analysed studies of childhood leukaemia and nuclear facilities. Focus was on studies that calculated standardized rates for individual facilities. Due to variability between study designs, eight separate analyses were performed stratified by age and zone. One hundred and thirty-six sites were used in at least one analysis. Unadjusted, fixed effects a...