BACKGROUND Bohler's angle (BA) is the most commonly utilized radiographic measurement in the study of calcaneus fractures and has been shown to be prognostic in nature. Therefore, it is critical that the measurement of BA be accurate as both therapeutic and prognostic information relies on it. Oblique lateral radiographs can be a cause of error in BA measurements. However, measurement error and...

[1] Throughout the Cenozoic the Earth experienced global cooling that led to the appearance of continental glaciers in high northern latitudes around 3 Ma ago. At approximately the same time, cold surface waters first appeared in regions that today have intense oceanic upwelling: the eastern equatorial Pacific and the coastal zones of southwestern Africa and California. There was furthermore a ...

Identifying liquid water on the surface of planets is a high priority, as this traditionally defines habitability. One proposed signature of oceans is specular reflection (“glint”), which increases the apparent albedo of a planet at crescent phases. We post-process a global climate model of an Earthlike planet to simulate reflected lightcurves. Significantly, we obtain glint-like phase variatio...

A consecutive series of 85 patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy who underwent spinal fusion over a period of 16 years was followed up with regard to the progression of the scoliosis and pelvic obliquity. Of 74 patients with adequate radiographic follow-up, 55 were instrumented with the Luque single-unit rod system and 19 with the Isola pedicle screw system; seven were instrumented to L3/...

Abstract We propose a new definition of oblique plate convergence. Our model considers arc-trench curvature on spherical Earth, and defines obliquity as the angle between direction convergence azimuth from central point along arc to center arcuate trench. also show how this may be extended multiple-arc trenches. apply Western Sunda Arc, which has been traditionally considered prime example conv...

BACKGROUND Coronal imbalance of the pelvis is recognized to lead to the development of degenerative lumbar scoliosis. We hypothesized that an abrupt change of pelvic obliquity may show a reproducible trend of coronal compensation in the lumbosacral spine. The aim of the study was to classify the change of coronal alignment of spine after THA. METHODS This is a retrospective study based on the...

Introduction: The latitude-dependent distribution [1-4] and non-uniform orientation [5-9] of gullies on Mars indicate that their formation is controlled by climate conditions at the surface within the last million years [10-11], while their global distribution [2,4] and morphology [12-13] show direct correlations with the ice-rich Latitude Dependent Mantle (LDM), a potential source for melting....

There is significant geomorphologic evidence for the past presence of longitudinally widespread, latitudinally zoned deposits composed of ice-rich material at the northern and southern mid latitudes on Mars (lobate debris aprons, lineated valley fill, concentric crater fill, pedestal craters, etc.). Among these features, pedestal craters (Pd) are impact craters interpreted to have produced a pr...

Extrasolar terrestrial planets with the potential to host life might have large obliquities or be subject to strong obliquity variations. We revisit the habitability of oblique planets with an energy balance climate model (EBM) allowing for dynamical transitions to ice-covered snowball states as a result of ice-albedo feedback. Despite the great simplicity of our EBM, it captures reasonably wel...