AIMS Craving for the rewarding effects of alcohol may be evoked by conditioned alcohol-like effects whereas conditioned compensatory responses may induce withdrawal relief craving. We tested the hypothesis that drinking in positive emotional states is associated with appetitive reactions to alcohol-associated cues and contributes to reward craving, while conditioned withdrawal is associated wit...

OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of metacognitive therapy in treatment of patients with pure obsession. METHOD Six patients suffering from pure obsession were selected using purposeful sampling method and were included after meeting the inclusion criteria of the study. Patients were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM- IV Axis I disorder - patient...

Musical obsessions are rare in both clinical practice and literature. A case is presented of a musical obsession which had the additional unique characteristics of acute onset, marked severity, and occurrence as an isolated symptom.

This article questions· ~hether it is useful to think of problem behavior as caused, and whether causal information about problem behavior is a necessary prerequisite to changing it. Psychoanalytic, behavioral, systemic, and solutionRfocused approaches to the issue are discussed briefly. Taking the perspective that the cause or causes of a particular client's problem behavior cmmot be known, it...

In the strangeness of a new school and a new home, Obadiah stood aloof, watching?and counting. To him, it was a peculiar community?this one in which children did what they were told, and a curious house, too, where a shrill shriek of "When's Obadiah going to get his pie?" brought no response. So he watched with large grey eyes, and, because he could not help it, he counted, with swift, furtive ...

AIM To validate a questionnaire for the diagnosis of orhorexia oervosa, an eating disorder defined as "maniacal obsession for healthy food". MATERIALS AND METHODS 525 subjects were enrolled. Then they were randomized into two samples (sample of 404 subjects for the construction of the test for the diagnosis of orthorexia ORTO-15; sample of 121 subjects for the validation of the test). The ORT...