Ocular motor tests performed on 14 patients with idiopathic spasmodic torticollis were normal. The vestibulo-ocular reflex tested in eight patients showed a significant high level in seven. It is suggested that this phenomenon is secondary rather than the cause of spasmodic torticollis.

The ocular motor system consists of several subsystems, including the vestibular ocular nystagmus saccade system, the pursuit system, the fixation and gaze-holding system and the vergence system. All these subsystems aid the stabilization of the images on the retina during eye and head movements and any kind of disturbance of one of the systems can cause instability of the eyes (e.g. nystagmus)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of air bags as a safety device in decreasing fatalities and reducing morbidity in frontal impact motor vehicle accidents has been well established. However, case reports have surfaced documenting ocular injuries related to air bag inflation. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze ocular injuries sustained during air bag inflation. PAT...

This paper deals with visual memory of moving shapes. During a visual recognition task, shapes moved on a computer screen, at a constant speed, and in a direction that was either similar, orthogonal or opposite to the direction of motion during learning. Results showed that correct response rate varies according to oculomotor factors: (1) the motor skill of ocular pursuit during learning and (2...

purpose: to determine the effect of photorefractive keratectomy (prk) on improvement of involuntary eye movements and visual functions in myopic patients with congenital nystagmus. methods: this prospective interventional case series included patients with congenital nystagmus and myopia ≥ -1 d who underwent prk over a 2-year period. complete ophthalmological examinations including visual acuit...

PURPOSE To describe an unusual form of acquired ocular motor apraxia. METHODS Case reports with electronic eye movement recordings. RESULTS Three patients had surgery to repair aortic root or arch dissections or aneurysms. A few days after surgery, all had ophthalmoplegia. Neuro-ophthalmic examination found complete absence of horizontal and vertical volitional and reflex saccades in 1 pati...

This paper presents a model of ocular-motor development, inspired by ideas and data from developmental psychology. The learning problem concerns the growth of the transform between image space and motor space necessary for the control of visual saccades. An implementation is used to produce experimental results and these are presented and discussed. The algorithm is simple, extremely fast, self...

A comparison was made of predictive eye movements of both the saccadic and pursuit ocular motor systems in parkinsonian patients and aged-matched normal controls. In a predictive task our patients, who were mildly or moderately affected, showed a reduced tendency to make anticipatory saccades compared with normal controls. Although there was some impairment of pursuit during a nonpredictive tas...

congenital ocular motor apraxia (COMA), is characterized by the inability to initiate horizontal saccades on command with preserved vertical eye movements and generally preserved smooth ocular pursuit.1,2 Random spontaneous saccades may be seen in some patients with ISID. Although the term ‘congenital ocular motor apraxia’ is commonly used in the medical literature, it is inaccurate because the...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Determining which cranial nerve(s) is (are) involved is a critical step in appropriately evaluating a patient with diplopia. RECENT FINDINGS New studies have looked at the various etiologies of cranial nerve palsies in the modern imaging era. The importance of the C-reactive protein test in evaluating the possibility of giant cell arteritis has recently been emphasized. SU...