middle of squares, one of the components of physical aspect is considered as an appropriateindicator in designing successful urban squares, which consequently promotes visual quality. the present study aims todetermine how the above mentioned aspect was presented in the middle-ages and renaissance within italian squares.considering the aim of the investigation, library studies as well as visual...

This paper presents results of extensive computational experiments in which evolutionary multiobjective algorithms were used to find Pareto-optimal solutions to a complex structural design problem. In particular, Strength-Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) was combined with a mathematical programming method to find optimal designs of steel structural systems in tall buildings with respect ...

This paper reports on a case study in which four programs were implemented in both aspect-oriented and object-oriented versions using four different design patterns. We report on our experiences with the use of these design patterns and the trade-offs that needed to be considered. Furthermore, we present additional evidence for a reduction of coupling through the use of aspect-oriented versions...

People considering improvements in database security may benefit from this summary of security trade-offs, especially trade-offs between the level of security and the efficiency of the organization. Also this paper explains the most important database security features and describes how they have been implemented in three major commercial DBMS. The discussion covers features for protecting agai...

the water and waste-water industry, as an infrastructure industry, has wide interactions with the public by having more than 20 million subscribers (27 million units). one of these interactions is the collection of debt considering the nature of the obligation sales and service rendered. collection of debt and the costs imposed as a result of the qualitative and quantitative services offered to...