نتایج جستجو برای: offspring
تعداد نتایج: 32621 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract Reproduction is costly. Despite this, evidence suggests that parents sometimes feed unrelated offspring. Several hypotheses could explain this puzzling phenomenon. Adults offspring are 1) of their close social associates to facilitate these juveniles’ integration into network (the inheritance hypothesis), 2) potential extrapair offspring, 3) at a similar developmental stage as own, 4) ...
Genetic variation and inheritance of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in female grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and male bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and their F1 offspring hybrid have been studied. For this purpose, genomic DNA was extracted from muscle tissue according to phenol-chloroform method, and six decamer primers were used for amplifying polymorphic ...
Introduction: The prenatal stress is a key factor which affects the growth and function of the brain. Several studies have shown that prenatal stress induces deficits in learning and memory of the offspring. The prenatal stress alters the activity of neurotransmitters, such as noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin, via over-activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. In addition, the...
objective(s): epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. gestational stress has been shown to be an important factor for affecting seizure susceptibility. the present study was conducted to address whether gestational stress may affect pentylentetrazol (ptz)-induced epileptic behavior in rat offspring in a sex- and age- dependent...
objective(s) during recent years, there has been an increasing interest in contribution of environmental pollutants as heavy metals to human male infertility. present study was aimed to investigate the effects of maternal lead acetate exposure during lactation on postnatal development of testis in offspring rats. materials and methods a total of 60 female rats randomly divided into four equal g...
Offspring size is one of the most well-studied life-history traits, yet it is remarkable that few field studies have examined the manner in which the relationship between offspring size and performance (and thus, optimal offspring size) is affected by the local environment. Furthermore, while offspring size appears to be plastic in a range of organisms, few studies have linked changes in offspr...
objective(s): maternal high-fat diet has been shown to have deleterious effects on the offspring bones. however, there is no study to assess the effects of type and amount of maternal dietary oil in an isocaloric diet, with focus on extra virgin olive oil (evoo). the objective of the current study was to test the hypothesis that type of maternal dietary oil has more effects than its amount in a...
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