Today the Arab countries of the Middle East face a challenge familiar to all South Africans: to create jobs for the large cohort of young people reaching working age. Over the next decade or so, the region may experience population growth of 150 million people—the equivalent of adding two Egypts (table 1). In demographic terms, the task is similar to that facing South Africa—only larger. Rising...

In 2016, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) announced its Vision 2030 strategic plan incorporating major changes to the economic structure of the country, in­ cluding an intention to deploy 9.5 GW of renewable energy in an effort to reduce the penetration of oil in the electricity generation system. This paper assesses the macroeconomic impact of such changes in the KSA, coupled with reductions ...

Non-oil and gas exports could be forecasted using exponential smoothing for future periods. This study examines non-oil export data in Indonesia from January 2015 to May 2021, indicating trends seasonality. Based on the characteristics, obtained were analyzed Holt's double method triple with multiplicative additives Holt-Winters. The MAPE all three models is less than 10%, that very good used f...

Malaysia is now the international’s second-top manufacturer of palm oil, with its huge and developing oil enterprise, strong international call for oil. has capability to play a first-rate position in markets. This paper aim examine rate towards export, import trade charge withinside financial system peer connection between those variables. Movements costs provide crucial alerts imports, export...

eiarnination the oil market and review the major oil importer countries, is a major need for guidance and marketing strategy for crude oil exporting countries. so that estimating the oil demand for importer countries and analysis the effective factors on their oil demand, can be an important factor in planning and policy making for oil exporting countries in order to sell oil. so iran is not an...

The sovereign archipelagos of the Maldives and Seychelles in the Indian Ocean are small island tourism economies (SITEs), both of which have small populations and are geographically isolated from the rest of the world. These two SITEs vary profoundly in their territorial size, total land area, prospects for self-reliance in economic development, and an overwhelming reliance on tourism as a sour...