Nowadays, energy efficiency is a top priority, boosted by a major concern with climatic changes and by the soaring oil prices in countries that have a large dependency on imported fossil fuels. A great part of the oil consumption is currently allocated to the transportation sector and a large portion of that is used by road vehicles. According to the international energy outlook report, the tra...

oil sector is the most effective sector in these countries. oil is the most important product that world industries use as the cheapest energy. the price of oil depends on the world’s supply and demand and many economic, political and geographical variables. this is the reason why the price of oil has fluctuations. the fluctuations in oil price lead to fluctuate in the oil revenues of the membe...

The total debt of the oil and gas sector globally stands at roughly $2.5 trillion, two and a half times what it was at the end of 2006. The recent fall in the oil price represents a significant decline in the value of assets backing this debt, introducing a new element to price developments. In common with other episodes of retrenchment induced by rapid declines in asset values, greater leverag...

Understanding of the influencing factors of industrial sector carbon dioxide emissions is essential to reduce natural and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, we applied the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition method based on the extended Kaya identity to analyze the changes in industrial carbon dioxide emissions resulting from 39 industrial sectors in Inner Mo...

Oil cakes have been in use for feed applications to poultry, fish and swine industry. Being rich in protein, some of these have also been considered ideal for food supplementation. However, with increasing emphasis on cost reduction of industrial processes and value addition to agro-industrial residues, oil cakes could be ideal source of proteinaceous nutrients and as support matrix for various...

Natural rubber (NR), regarded as nature's most versatile raw material is obtained from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis, a tree, native to the tropical rain forests of Amazon and introduced on a commercial scale to the Far East during the last century. In India, organised cultivation of rubber started in 1902 on an estate scale by European planters. This crop however came out of the bounds of th...

The goal of any load-management program is to maintain, as nearly as possible, a constant level of load, thereby allowing the system load factor to approach 100%. The important bene®ts of load management are reduction in maximum demand, reduction in power loss, better equipment utilisation and saving through reduced maximum demand charges. Load shifting, one of the simplest methods of load mana...

Forecasting of oil prices has always been a matter of great importance due to its influence in driving a country’s economy. As a matter of fact, the petroleum industry is considered to be the biggest contributor in the industrial sector in terms of providing raw materials to the other industries and generating revenues. Due to the non-linear and unpredictable nature of the oil prices, a lot of ...