the purpose of this study was to design and optimize an oral controlled release acyclovir mucoadhesive tablet, in term of its drug release and mucoadhesive strength. a 32 full factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables like carbopol-934p and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose k100m, which significantly influence characteristics like swelling index, ex-vivo mucoadhesiv...

This study was performed to design bilayer regioselective floating tablets of atenolol and lovastatin to give immediate release of lovastatin and sustained release of atenolol. Bilayer floating tablets comprised two layers, i.e immediate release and controlled release layers. The immediate release layer comprised sodium starch glycollate as a super disintegrant and the sustained release layer c...

Extended-release matrix tablets of diltiazem hydrochloride (DTZ) were prepared using waxy materials alone or in combination with Kollidon SR. Matrix waxy materials were carnauba wax (CW), bees wax (BW), cetyl alcohol (CA) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS). Dissolution studies were carried out by using a six stations USP XXII type 1 apparatus. The in vitro drug release study was done in 1000 ml ph...

objective(s): this study evaluates the effect of substitution of microcrystalline cellulose (mcc) with ethylcellulose (ec) on mechanical and release characteristics of theophylline pellets. materials and methods: the effect of addition of ec was investigated on characteristics of pellets with varying drug content prepared by extrusion-spheronization. also the effect of type of granulating liqui...

This study assesses the controversial role of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) in apoptosis. In primary rat hepatocytes expressing an IkappaB superrepressor, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) induced apoptosis as shown by nuclear morphology, DNA ladder formation, and caspase 3 activation. Confocal microscopy showed that TNFalpha induced onset of the MPT and mitochondrial dep...

this paper presents the analysis of the onset and withdrawal dates and the duration of summer monsoon over nepal for last 63 years (1951-2013). the trend analysis revealed that both the onset and withdrawal of summer monsoon are delayed in recent years. the statistical analysis using cumulative deviation and worsley likelihood tests showed a step jump in mean withdrawal date after the year 1997...

background and objective: neonatal sepsis is defined as presence of clinical signs accompanied by positive blood culture in newborns less than one month of age. sepsis is a common cause of hospital admission in neonates, and it is known as one of the main causes of mortality among them, not only in developed countries but in developing ones. delay in diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy...

the incidence of microbial keratitis after intacs implantation is extremely low and channel infection has been infrequently reported. we present a 23-year-old woman with keratoconus of both eyes who underwent implantation of two intrastromal corneal ring segments (intacs, keravision, inc., fremont, ca, usa) in the right eye. after 2.5 months, the patient presented with decreased vision, inflamm...

Bradykinin (BK)-induced release of arachidonic acid (AA) from Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) D1 cells was investigated. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused a synergistic increase in BK- and A-23187-induced release of AA but alone had no effect on this release. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with bisindolmaleimide I (BIS) abolished the synergistic effects of PMA but did not affe...

This study was performed to design bilayer regioselective floating tablets of atenolol and lovastatin to give immediate release of lovastatin and sustained release of atenolol. Bilayer floating tablets comprised two layers, i.e immediate release and controlled release layers. The immediate release layer comprised sodium starch glycollate as a super disintegrant and the sustained release layer c...