statement of the problem: optical properties of the composite resins, concerning their translucency and thickness, are affected by discolored tooth structure or inherent darkness of the oral cavity. purpose: this study aimed to compare the translucency parameter (tp) of five different composite resins in different thicknesses and to evaluate their masking ability in black backgrounds. materials...

To mate, Candida albicans must undergo homozygosis at the mating type-like locus MTL[1, 2], then switch from the white to opaque phenotype [3, 4]. Paradoxically, when opaque cells are transferred in vitro to 37 degrees C, the temperature of their animal host, they switch en masse to white [5-7], suggesting that their major niche might not be conducive to mating. It has been suggested that phero...

Transparency in 3D graphics has traditionally been created by ordering the transparent objects from back-to-front with respect to the viewpoint, and rendering the opaque objects first and then the transparent objects in the prescribed order. This has three major disadvantages: need for splitting intersecting polygons, repeated ordering for varying view points, and finally, incorrect transparenc...

The response of the “perfect lens”, consisting of a slab of lossless material of thickness d with εs = μs = −1 at one frequency ω0 is investigated. It is shown that as time progresses the lens becomes increasingly opaque to any physical TM line dipole source located a distance d0 < d/2 from the lens and which has been turned on at time t = 0. Here a physical source is defined as one which suppl...

The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans can undergo phenotypic switching between two heritable states: white and opaque. This phenotypic plasticity facilitates its colonization in distinct host niches. The master regulator WOR1 is exclusively expressed in opaque phase cells. Positive feedback regulation by Wor1 on the WOR1 promoter is essential for opaque formation, however the underlying mechan...

Pulmonary localized hamartomas were first reported in 1906 by Hart(1). Hamartoma is the most common benign neoplasm to occur in the lung. Histologically, the lesions consist of a combination of cartilage, connective tissue, smooth muscle, fat, and respiratory epithelium. Malign transformation is rare (2,3). Pulmonary hamartomas occur more common in males. However, some authors reported male/fem...

A 43-year-old woman presented to us with progressive breathlessness, dry cough and weight loss. A chest radiograph showed homogeneous opacification of the entire left hemithorax. A contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan of the thorax showed a large intrathoracic mass occupying almost the entire left hemithorax and appeared grossly inoperable. A transcutaneous CT guided tru-cut biopsy...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Differences between the number and areas of pleural plaques in every hemithorax could not be expected a priori. However, previous studies based on chest radiographs reported an unexplained left-sided predominance. In this paper, a comparison of summed surfaces and location of plaques calculated from CT studies was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thoracic CT scans from 40 adul...

A 75-year-old woman underwent transthoracic CT-guided cutting-needle biopsy of a 5 5-cm mass of the superior segment of the left lower lobe and had an episode of recent hemoptysis. She had been ill for 3 months with dyspnea, cough, and intermittent sputum production. Chest radiographs revealed a persistent left lower lobe alveolar opacification believed to be pneumonia; however, the patient had...

Teratomas are tumors composed of tissues derived from more than one germ cell line. They manifested with a great variety of clinical and radiological features. We report a case of a giant left hemithorax teratoma in a female with huge spleen tumor and review the relevant literature. A 38-year-old female with progressively aggravating dyspnea at rest from a mild trauma. Absent breath sounds on t...