Abstract Constitutional pluralism has long been controversial, but recently come under renewed attack. Critics allege that by justifying departure national courts from the Court of Justice European Union’s (CJEU) orthodoxy on primacy EU law, constitutional is (at best) susceptible to abuse autocratic member state governments, or worst) a favored tool Europe’s new authoritarians. This article de...

Abstract Opposition responsibility is a neglected field, and if at all noticed, opposition parties are often placed in the irresponsibility frame. The purpose of our paper to examine what extent, under which conditions, ways can be considered act responsibly. This article will develop concept test expectations behaviour three countries: Hungary, Italy Spain. analysis highlights that exceeds—alt...