in recent decades, enormous use of chromium in different industries as well as water and soil pollution by those industries caused serious concern. toxic impact of chromium on the growth of plants includes changes in the process of germination and root, stem and leaves’ growth. chromium also has harmful impact on the plants’ physiological processes such as photosynthesis. on the other hand, iro...

abstract due to limited water resources and occurrence of recent droughts, the use of new management and planning methods for optimal irrigation scheduling of agricultural crops is inevitable. present of appropriate mathematical and dynamic relationship between yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency parameters is the first and most important step in the optimal management of irrigat...

aims: intensification of current environmental legislation leads to an increase wastewater treatment sludge volume. so reducing the sludge volume is considered as a strategy to improve and solve the problems of secondary pollution of sludge. dissolved air flotation (daf) as a substitute clarifier is used for separation of activated sludge liquid-solid phases. the aim of this study was to estima...