BACKGROUND The present study is designed to evaluate the clinical effects of pulsated subgingival irrigation with tetracycline and spiramycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patient diagnosed chronic periodontitis were included in the present study. Each patient is assigned to be irrigated with saline (placebo) (Group A), tetracycline HCl at 0.5% concentration (Group B), and 0.5% spiramycin (Group...

The idea of irrigation is not new, irrigation stems as far back as the Egyptians and probably further in unrecorded history. Even the idea of automated irrigation is not new, mankind has figured out how to irrigate large areas of foliage through the use of automated and drop irrigation systems. Efficient, automated irrigation systems, which can irrigate plants to a desired level and supply thos...

Delineating the depth and extent of the watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. & Nak.] root zone assists with proper irrigation management and minimizes nutrient leaching. The objective of this 3-year field study was to measure root distribution and root length density of watermelon (cv. Wrigley) grafted on two different rootstocks (Lagenaria siceraria cv. ‘FR Strong’ and Cucurbita mosc...

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties. Field experiment was conducted in Borkhar region in Isfahan province in central Iran with two water treatments of wastewater and groundwater under sprinkler and surface irrigation systems for three crops of sugar beet, corn and sunflower. Soil samples were collected to 120 cm dep...

For improving water scarcity and groundwater pollution from agriculture, two-year experiments (2011–2013) with three water levels (0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 evaporation (E) in 20-cm-diameter pans) and four nitrogen (N) levels (120, 140 and 190 kg·ha−1 in 2012 and 120, 190 and 290 kg·ha−1 in 2013) were conducted to study effects of water and N availability on water movement and N transport for a wheat cr...

Rice is an essential crop in Iran that is grown mostly in areas where depth to groundwater is low. Root growth and water uptake of rice under shallow groundwater has not been thoroughly studied. This experiment was conducted to determine the lowland rice (cv. Ghasrodashti) root distribution above shallow groundwater in relation to deficit irrigation and groundwater depth in cylindrical gre...

The environmental fate of fumigants methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) and chloropicrin (CP) is of great concern for potential air and groundwater contamination while retaining sufficient concentrations for pest control efficacy. The emission, gas phase distribution, leaching, and persistence of MITC and CP were examined in repacked columns filled with sandy soils under three surface conditions: tarp...

Improving soil structure often reduces furrow erosion and maintains adequate infiltration. Cottage cheese whey, the liquid byproduct from cottage cheese manufacture, was utilized to stabilize soil aggregates and reduce sediment losses from furrow irrigation. We applied either 2.4 or 1.9L of whey per meter of furrow (3.15 or 2.49Lm(-2), respectively) by gravity flow without incorporation to two ...

Solar-powered agricultural irrigation is an attractive application of renewable energy. However, to be practical it must be both technically and economically feasible. Here, a method is presented for calculating the feasibility of photovoltaic-powered (PVP) irrigation. The feasibility is expressed as a function of location, which includes climate data, aquifer depth and cost, including local po...

The effect of controlled drainage (CD) on ammonia volatilization (AV) losses from paddy fields under controlled irrigation (CI) was investigated by managing water table control levels using a lysimeter. Three drainage treatments were implemented, namely, controlled water table depth 1 (CWT1), controlled water table depth 2 (CWT2), and controlled water table depth 3 (CWT3). As the water table co...