We present a novel five source near-infrared photometric stereo 3D face capture device. The accuracy of the system is demonstrated by a comparison with ground truth from a commercial 3D scanner. We also use the data from the five captured images to model the Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) in order to synthesise images from novel lighting directions. A comparison of thes...

This article develops a statistical large-scale fading (path loss) model of dynamic vehicular visible light communication (VVLC) system. The proposed combines the impact inter-vehicle spacing and radiation intensity distribution as function irradiance angle which changes with traffic conditions. Three models (Lambertian, Gaussian, empirical) are utilized to examine vehicles headlights pattern o...

The hybrid visible light communication/radio frequency (VLC/RF) transmission system could offer consistent coverage and high throughput, which are inherited from the VLC RF link components separately. However, almost all current VLC/RF schemes limited in scenarios adopting emitting diodes (LED) sources with basic Lambertian optical beams, fail to investigate using distinct non-Lambertian beams....

Face images of the same person under different illuminations represent a challenge for face recognition. Traditional methods based on the Lambertian model construct a face image invariant to illuminations by combining a number of the images of different illuminations linearly. A drawback with the Lambertian model is that a single-point light source placed at infinity is assumed. This paper prop...

Photometric stereo is a method of reconstructing a surface from the amount of light reflected by it. This is done by using prior knowledge of the surface reflectance to estimate the surface normal at all visible points. The theory of photometric stereo has been extensively developed for surfaces and illumination geometries that give rise to a Lambertian reflectance map. For non-Lambertian refle...

The reachability problem for Vector Addition Systems (VASs) is a central problem of net theory. The general problem is known to be decidable by algorithms based on the classical Kosaraju-Lambert-Mayr-Sacerdote-Tenney decomposition (KLMST decomposition). Recently from this decomposition, we deduced that a final configuration is not reachable from an initial one if and only if there exists a Pres...

Traditional approaches to hyperspectral target detection involve the application of detection algorithms to atmospherically compensated imagery. Rather than compensate the imagery, a more recent approach uses physical models to generate radiance signature spaces. The signature space is actually a representation of what the target might look like to the sensor as the reflectance propagates throu...

Polarimetric imaging is emerging as a viable technique for tumor detection and staging. As a preliminary step towards a thorough understanding of the observed contrasts, we present a set of numerical Monte Carlo simulations of the polarimetric response of multilayer structures representing colon samples in the backscattering geometry. In a first instance, a typical colon sample was modeled as o...

This paper considers the interpretation (as a three-dimensional velocity field) of the changing intensity pattern induced by a smoothly deforming Lambertian surface of uniform albedo illuminated by a distant point light source. The requisite "Intensity Rate Constraint" which is derived contains no terms relating to the tangential components of surface velocity, so the determination of the veloc...

Image-based rendering (IBR) has become a very active research area in recent years. The spectral analysis problem for IBR has not been completely solved. In this paper, we present a new method to parameterize the problem, which is applicable for general-purpose IBR spectral analysis. We notice that any plenoptic function is generated by light ray emitted/reflected/refracted from the object surf...