BACKGROUND Several studies have examined the prevalence and pattern of substance use among medical students in Nigeria. Few of these studies have specifically examined the relationship between the psychological distress and psychoactive substance use among these students. Yet, evidence world-wide suggests that substance use among medical students might be on the rise and may be related to the l...

We report on an XMM-Newton observation of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy NGC 6240. The 0.3–10 keV spectrum can be successfully modelled with: (i) three collisionally ionized plasma components with temperatures of about 0.7, 1.4, and 5.5 keV; (ii) a highly absorbed direct power-law component; and (iii) a neutral Fe Kα and Kβ line. We detect a significant neutral column density gradient which ...

The construction of a new database of statistics on the climate and environment of the Martian atmosphere is currently under way, with the support of the European Space Agency. The primary objectives of this database are to provide information for mission design specialists on the mean state and variability of the Martian environment in unprecedented detail, through use of a set of carefully va...

To assess the accuracy of routine preoperative biometry we reviewed all cases of extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber implant performed at Queen Alexandra Hospital in 1985. Of 471 eyes included in the survey 67.9% were within 1.0 D of the expected refraction and 90.7% within 2.0 D. Factors influencing accuracy are discussed. The necessity of routine preoperative biometry is ...

5 The influence of clouds on the large-scale atmospheric circulation is examined in numerical 6 simulations from an atmospheric general circulation model run with and without atmospheric 7 cloud radiative effects (ACRE). 8 In the extratropics of both hemispheres, the primary impacts of ACRE on the circulation 9 include: 1) increases in the meridional temperature gradient and decreases in static...

BACKGROUND One of the most anticipated, but potentially serious complications during or after surgery are bleeding events. Among the many potential factors associated with bleeding complications in surgery, the use of bovine thrombin has been anecdotally identified as a possible cause of increased bleeding risk. Most of these reports of bleeding events in association with the use of topical bov...

OBJECTIVE We developed a theoretically based taxonomy for classifying shared cognition breakdowns related to teamwork which contribute to fratricide incidents. BACKGROUND Fratricide on the battlefield is an inescapable cost of war. A number of technological advancements have been made in terms of combat identification systems to reduce the risk of these incidents. However, fratricide continue...

[1] Observations from the US Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program are used to evaluate the ability of the NASA GISS ModelE global climate model in reproducing observed interactions between aerosols and clouds. Included in the evaluation are comparisons of basic meteorology and aerosol properties, droplet activation, effective radius parameterizations, and surfa...