This research is aimed at the up-gradation of indigenous Pakistani iron ore, i.e., Dilband ore (hematite), by utilizing common metallurgical processes. First, magnetic properties were determined. Initially, samples contained 34 wt. % Fe in addition to other gangue materials. Therefore, was subjected a high-temperature reduction roasting process between 800 °C and 1000 °C. Additionally, separati...

In this study, a novel technology for the comprehensive utilization of low-grade iron ore is presented. For with Fe content 24.91%, pilot-scale study pre-concentration, suspension magnetization roasting, grinding, and low-intensity magnetic separation was conducted, an concentrate grade 62.21% recovery 85.72% obtained. The products were analysed using chemical elemental analysis, particle size ...

Most of the world’s nickel is extracted from the mineral pentlandite, (Ni, Fe)9S8, which frequently occurs in ores containing predominantly pyrrhotite and various non-sulRdes, some of which contain magnesium (Table 1). The nickel content in such sulRde ores is generally low (0.2}3%) and varies from place to place in the same deposit. The low nickel content of the present-day nickel sulRde ores ...

A fractal (power-law) distribution is the only statistical distribution applicable to a scale-invariant process. One of the major problems in petrology is the distribution of trace elements in the Earth’s crust. Extreme values of this distribution result in ore deposits. There is accumulating observational evidence that tonnage–grade statistics of ore deposits are often fractal (powerlaw). Rayl...