OBJECTIVES: The performance of spiral-wound nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes was investigated in terms of natural organic matter (NOM) rejection and associated NOM fouling. The study objectives focused on • demonstrating the effects of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between NOM components and the membrane surface • determining influential factors (water qu...

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of using heated iron oxide particles (HIOPs) in conjunction with various types of membranes to enhance natural organic matter (NOM) removal and reduce fouling of those membranes. Secondary objectives were to compare the behavior of HIOPs with that of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as additives to UF systems, and ...

Iron oxide colloids and natural organic matter in the presence of divalent cations cause irreversible fouling for commonly used drinking water nanofiltration membranes.

Membrane-based separation has gained increased popularity over the past few decades, particularly reverse osmosis (RO). A major impediment to improved performance of membrane processes, in general, is fouling. Fouling detrimental effects on membrane’s and integrity, as deposition accumulation foulants its surface and/or within pores leads a decline permeate flux, deterioration selectivity, perm...

In this study, a novel integrated Hybrid Airlift Membrane Bioreactor (HAMBR) composed of oxic, anoxic, and anaerobic zones was developed to simultaneously remove organic matter and nitrogen from real paper-recycling wastewater. The removal efficiencies of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and Total Nitrogen (TN) for permeate and supernatant were in the range of ...

Membrane fouling, which is a key obstacle in implementing membrane technology, has been studied extensively for aqueous feeds. With increasing interests organic solvent applications, corresponding effort on understanding fouling warranted. This study employs molecular dynamics simulations to unveil the mechanisms underlying different adsorption behaviors of dextran onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ...

A mesoporous titania (TiO2) membrane on an alumina support was successfully fabricated via the sol–gel processing method. The effects of combined ozonation and TiO2 membrane filtration on the permeate flux and permeate quality were investigated. Ozone injection into the feed water during the filtration resulted in an increase in the permeate flux within the first 0.5 h. Ozonation decreased the ...

Providing clean water to a rapidly growing population is an issue that currently getting lots of attention offer sustainable solution for scarcity. Membrane distillation (MD) one the latest technologies provides great potential in treatment. Even though there tremendous amount research done during past two decades on membrane distillation, long-term use this process still restricted by fouling....