Raw milk is an ideal growth medium for microorganisms (including many fungal species), as such milk provides all necessary nutrients and conditions for their growth. The objective of the present study was to investigate the diversity of microscopic fungi in the milk obtained in Latvian organic farms depending on cow herd size and season. The study was carried out on 547 milk samples taken from ...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to identify associations between the concentration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) antibodies in bulk milk and potential risk factors in herd management and herd characteristics, explaining high MAP antibody titers in milk. An extensive questionnaire was administered to 292 organic and conventional dairy farms from New York, Wiscon...

The efficacy of 14 disinfectants against Listeria innocua and two strains of Listeria monocytogenes in the presence of organic matter was studied. Quantitative efficacy tests were used. Many of the disinfectants tested were not as effective on Listeria spp. when the test organisms were dried onto the surface of steel disks (carrier tests) as they were when the organisms were placed in suspensio...

BACKGROUND Mastitis is one of the major threats to animal health, in organic farming as well as conventional. Preliminary studies of organic dairy herds have indicated better udder health in such herds, as compared to conventional herds. The aim of this paper was to further study mastitis and management related factors in certified organic dairy herds. METHODS An observational study of 26 cer...

BACKGROUND Quarter milk samples from cows with high risk of intramammary infection were examined to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and penicillin resistant SA (SAr) in conventional and organic dairy herds and herds converting to organic farming in a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional study. METHODS 20 conventional herds, 18 organic herds that converted before 19...

the base of this review is to consider the relevant role that animal factors (potential milk yield, body weight, body condition score, state of lactation, parity and fertility) play on milk performance (considering the energy balance and the rumen function across the full lactation curve of animals) and milk quality (milk protein content, milk fat content, milk lactose content, vitamins, minera...

To study the effects of dairy production system on milk macromineral and trace element concentrations, samples were collected monthly in 2019 from 43 conventional 27 organic farms. Organic contained more Ca (1049.5 vs. 995.8 mg/kg), K (1383.6 1362.4 P (806.5 792.5 mg/kg) Mo (73.3 60.6 ?g/kg) but less Cu (52.4 ?g/kg), Fe (0.66 vs 2.03 Mn (28.8 45.0 Zn (4.51 5.00 Al (0.32 1.14 than milk. Signific...

Eighteen Holstein dairy cows averaging 141 days in milk were used in a complete randomized design to determine the effects of feeding liquid acid whey (LAW) on milk production and composition. Animals received a diet consisting of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum., L), wheat straw and concentrate (Control). Treatments were control and control plus 40 liters/cow/day of LAW. Daily individua...

The present study was conducted on efficiency of utilization of dietary energy for milk production in lactating crossbred cattle. 18 lactating crossbred cattle of early to mid-lactation, approximate body weight (375.39±23.43 kg), milk yield, parity and stage of lactation were divided into three groups of six animals each and were fed 0, 50 and 100% diammonium phosphate (DAP) in the mineral mixt...