Distribution of magnetic flux density in electromagnetic (EM) flow meter is significantly important for obtaining accurate flow rate. Helmholtz coils are used to generate homogenous magnetic flux density in the cross section of flow pipe of electromagnetic (EM) flow meter is presented in this paper. In this work, a simulation model with the EM module of finite element analysis software, COMSOL ...

Measurement of the chemical composition of gases sampled through a small hole in the substrate can be a useful diagnostic for investigations of the chemistry of chemical vapor deposition ~CVD! processes. Ideally, one would measure the composition of the gas at the growth surface. However, the flow disturbance due to sampling causes the conditions at the mouth of the orifice to be different from...

A new miniature Wright peak-flow meter has been designed and produced. The meter is tubular with a spring-loaded piston and a longitudinal slot through which air escapes. Its dynamic characteristics have been carefully designed to make it respond only to peak flow and not to rate of rise. Performance tests on early instruments showed fairly close correlation with the Wright peak-flow meter but ...

REPLACEMENT of nonfunctioning valves is a significant recent advancement in the correction of cardiac valvular disease. The most widely used artificial device replacing the mitral valve is the Starr-Edwards ballvalve prosthesis.' Its effectiveness was shown in recent reports by the marked clinical improvement in properly selected patients.2 However, cardiologists and cardiac surgeons are faced ...