objective(s):multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating disease. the prevalence of ms is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin d are low. cognitive deficits have been observed in patients with ms. oxidative damage may contribute to the formation of ms lesions. considering the involvement of hippocampus in ms, an attempt is made in this study to investigate the effects of vitamin d3 on...

anti-oxidant effects of propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) were evaluated agains carbon tetrachloridet ccl4 -induced oxidative stress in rat liver. 30 male rats were equally divided in to 6 groups (5 rats each). group i (control), while group ii was given ccl4 (3 ml /kg/day, ip). animals of groups iii received only propofol (10 mg/kg/day, ip). group iv was given propofol+ ccl4. group v was admin...

Oxidative stress has been known to be involved in pathogenesis of dry eye disease. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated the relationship between hyperosmolarity and oxidative damage in human ocular surface. This study was to explore whether and how hyperosmolarity induces oxidative stress markers in primary human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Primary HCECs were established...

Background: Phenylhydrazine (PHZ) is used to induce experimental anemia in animal models. On the other hand royal jelly is known as antioxidant compound. Therefore, here in present study we aimed to evaluate the protective effect of royal jelly on PHZ-induced damages in testicular tissue and compare its impact with vitamin C. Materials and Methods: Eighteen mature male mice were randomly divide...

Heme is ferrous protoporphyrin-IX that is the prosthetic group of hemoproteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin and cytochromes that are of vital importance. In contrast, “free heme”, a protein-unbound heme, that is either just synthesized but yet not incorporated into hemoproteins, or that is released from hemoprotein under oxidative conditions, is highly toxic, since it catalyzes the production...

Entry of Plasmodium falciparum into human red blood cells is a stressful event for both the host and the parasite. Conversion of hemoglobin into usable food by P. falciparum is accompanied by the production of chemically reactive and toxic molecules called oxidants. Examination of the temporal sequence of gene expression during the intraerythrocytic development cycle (IDC) [4] can help elucidat...

Cadmium is a transition metal ion that is highly toxic in biological systems. Although relatively rare in the Earth's crust, anthropogenic release of cadmium since industrialization has increased biogeochemical cycling and the abundance of the ion in the biosphere. Despite this, the molecular basis of its toxicity remains unclear. Here we combine metal-accumulation assays, high-resolution struc...

Lambdacyhalothrin (LCT) is a pyrethroid insecticide class, which is widely used for pest control in agriculture, public health, home and garden. In the present study we investigated the effect of long term exposure of low doses of the LCT on the state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection of pregnant rats and their offspring. It was revealed, that prolonged exposure of lambdacyhaloth...

Cocaine abuse has long been known to cause morbidity and mortality due to its cardiovascular toxic effects. The pathogenesis of the cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine use has been largely reviewed, and the most recent data indicate a fundamental role of oxidative stress in cocaine-induced cardiovascular toxicity, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanisms of oxidati...

Tea polyphenols especially catechins have long been studied for their antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. Scientists throughout the world have investigated the usefulness of the regular green tea consumption in several disease conditions. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments on catechins especially epigallocatechingallate have revealed a significant role in many ways. Reactive oxygen spe...