Ozone induces rapid activation of SIPK, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in tobacco. Through transgenic manipulation it has previously been shown that overexpression of SIPK leads to enhanced ozone-induced lesion formation with concomitant accumulation of ROS. In spite of this hypersensitive phenotype, the effect of this altered SIPK expression on the levels of various hormones that re...

it has been proved that pollutant gases have a remarkable effect on the amount of total ozone measurements by the dobson instrument. among these gases so2 and no2 are the most influential pollutants on the ozone and have attracted the attention of scientists. in this study we make a general survey of the total ozone in the 4 year period, 2002-2005 measured in the institute of geophysics of the ...

Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic stratosphere was investigated for the twelve years between 1991 and 2003 employing the ozone-tracer correlation method. For this method, the change in the relation between ozone and a longlived tracer is considered for all twelve years over the lifetime of the polar vortex to calculate chemical ozone loss. Both the accumulated local ozone loss in the lower stra...

Title of Dissertation: A STUDY OF GROUND-LEVEL OZONE OVER THE BALTIMORE/WASHINGTON OZONE NONATTAINMENT AREA Yu-Jin Choi, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation directed by: Associate Professor Sheryl H. Ehrman Professor Richard V. Calabrese Department of Chemical Engineering Professor Russell R. Dickerson Department of Meteorology Surface ozone is a persistent problem in U.S.A. and Europe as w...

Projections of stratospheric ozone from a suite of chemistry-climate models (CCMs) have been analyzed. In addition to a reference simulation where anthropogenic halogenated ozone depleting substances (ODSs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) vary with time, sensitivity simulations with either ODS or GHG concentrations fixed at 1960 levels were performed to disaggregate the drivers of projected ozone c...

The Citrus genus includes a large number of species and varieties widely cultivated in the Central Valley of California and in many other countries having similar Mediterranean climates. In the summer, orchards in California experience high levels of tropospheric ozone, formed by reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) with oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Citrus trees may improve air quality in...

Ozone causes persistent airway hyperreactivity in humans and animals. One day after ozone exposure, airway hyperreactivity is mediated by release of eosinophil major basic protein that inhibits neuronal M(2) muscarinic receptors, resulting in increased acetylcholine release and increased smooth muscle contraction in guinea pigs. Three days after ozone, IL-1β, not eosinophils, mediates ozone-ind...

Tropospheric ozone concentrations regarded as harmful for human health are frequently encountered in Central Europe in summertime. Although ozone formation generally results from precursors transported over long distances, in urban areas local effects, such as reactions due to nearby emission sources, play a major role in determining ozone concentrations. Europe-wide mapping and modeling of pop...

Tracer-tracer relations have been used for a long time to separate physico-chemical change from change caused by transport processes. In particular, for more than a decade, ozone-tracer relations have been used to quantify chemical ozone loss in the polar vortex. The application of ozone-tracer relations for quantifying ozone loss relies on two hypotheses: that a compact ozone-tracer relation i...

The excessive biological sludge production is one of the disadvantages of aerobic process such as SBR. So the problem of excess sludge production along with its treatment , and disposal in aerobic processes in municipal and industrial waste water can be seen in many parts of the world even in our country . to solve the problem of excess sludge production , reducing in by oxidizing some of t...