Inflammation plays an important role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion, which can cause severe damage to the brain and may lead to cerebral hemorrhage transformation. p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38mapk) has been implicated in the etiology of a number of diseases because it is a cause of inflammation, but comparatively little research has been carried out into its role in the etiology ...

Wild-type (wt) herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) suppresses cell death. We investigated the apoptotic pathways triggered during infection with mutant viruses tsk and 27lacZ (which lack functional ICP4 and ICP27 viral proteins, respectively) and examined the mechanisms used by wt HSV-1 to protect against programmed cell death induced by the DNA-damaging compound cisplatin. In our studies, we u...

Nitric oxide (NO*) strongly inhibits the proliferation of human A431 tumour cells. It also inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of a 170-kDa band corresponding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and induces the phosphorylation at tyrosine residue(s) of a 58-kDa protein which we have denoted NOIPP-58 (nitric oxide-induced 58-kDa phosphoprotein). The NO*-induced phosphorylation of NOIPP-...

BACKGROUND Probiotic bacteria have been shown to modulate immune responses and could have therapeutic effects in allergic and inflammatory disorders. However, the signaling pathways engaged by probiotics are poorly understood. We have previously reported that a fermentation product from Bifidobacterium breve C50 (BbC50sn) could induce maturation, high IL-10 production and prolonged survival of ...

The molecular mechanisms behind phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) remain unclear. In our recent paper, we reported the establishment of novel culture system of gizzard SMCs (Hayashi, K., H. Saga, Y. Chimori, K. Kimura, Y. Yamanaka, and K. Sobue. 1998. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 28860-28867), in which insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was the most potent for maintaining the differe...

BackgroundAvailability of multichannel cytometers and specific commercial antibodies makes flow cytometry a new option to simultaneously assess multiple intracellular platelet signaling pathways for clinical purposes, in small volume blood or low count.ObjectivesTo describe multicolor with fluorescent barcoding technique screening downstream membrane receptors major agonists (adenosine diphosph...

Neural basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (bHLHs) control many aspects of neurogenesis, such as proliferation, fate determination, and differentiation. We have previously shown that the promyogenic cell surface receptor Cdo modulates the Cdc42 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways via a direct association with two scaffold-type proteins, JLP and Bnip-2, to regulate ...

The pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-1β are crucial mediators involved in chronic inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory signal pathways regulate inflammatory cytokine expression-mediated by p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK). Therefore, considerable attention has been given to p38MAPK as a target molecule for the development of a novel ant...

OBJECTIVE Ischemic preconditioning confers cardioprotection in early and delayed phases. We investigated the delayed window of pharmacological and ischemic preconditioning in human myocardium, and the involvement of mitoKATP, PKC and p38MAPK. METHODS These studies were carried out using human right atrial tissue in a cell necrosis model. The tissue was obtained from patients undergoing corona...

We have reported that treatment with okadaic acid, a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor, has the ability to enhance the synthesis of the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78). This article reports our investigation of another protein phosphatase inhibitor, calyculin A, demonstrating the signaling pathways elicited by the protein phosphatase inhibitors that lead to the induction of grp78. O...