Cholesterol was identified as an essential component of the receptor on the sheep erythrocyte to which Rickettsia prowazeki adsorbs before lysing the cell. Erythrocytes or ghosts, derived by hypotonic lysis, were treated with proteolytic enzymes, sialidase, sulfhydryl reagents, and periodate without affecting their ability to adsorb rickettsiae. Lipid extracts of ghosts and erythrocytes, on the...

Gas chromatographic determination of the fat ty acids in the seeds of soybean (Glycine max) showed mainly linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids with linoleic acid being the major component . Changes in the distribution of fat ty acids were measured during germination in the cotyledons and roots. A decrease in palmitic and oleic acids was observed in the cotyledons from 6 to 12 days, while linoleic...

Dietary fatty acids play a role in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the individual relationship between dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids with postprandial β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with normal and high fasting triglycerides. We assessed postprandial β-cell function (by the insulinogenic index...

The epidermis of larvae of Tedania ignis (Porifera, Demospongiae) is uniformly ciliated except for the posterior pole. The epidermal cells are long, columnar, and monociliate; each cilium arises from an epidermal crypt; symbiotic bacteria were not observed in larval cells. These lecithotrophic ("nonfeeding") larvae can feed by assimilating dissolved organic materials (DOM) from seawater. Larvae...

Many studies have shown that TLR4- and TLR2-deficient mice are protected from high-fat diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that saturated fatty acids derived from the high-fat diet activate TLR-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways and induce insulin resistance. However, evidence that palmitic acid, the major dietary saturated fatty acid, can directly activate TLR...

We have demonstrated previously that there is an abnormal expression of sphingomyelin (SM) deacylase in the epidermis of patients with atopic dermatitis (ADe). In the present study, we have prepared N-[palmitic acid-1-(14)C]SM and N-[palmitic acid-1-(14)C]glucosylceramide (GCer) to use as substrates and have quantified SM deacylase activity by detecting the release of [(14)C]palmitic acid in ex...

15 Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is essential for oocyte maturation in mice. The objective of this 16 experiment was to determine the effect of etomoxir (a FAO inhibitor; 100 μM), carnitine (1 17 mM), and palmitic acid (1 or 100 μM) during maturation on metabolism and gene expression of 18 the oocyte and cumulus cells, and subsequent embryo development in the mouse. Carnitine 19 significantly incr...