The aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of Parrondo’s paradox for the logistic family fa(x) = ax(1−x), x ∈ [0, 1], when the parameter value a ranges over the interval [1, 4]. We find that a paradox of type “order + order = chaos” arises for both physically observable and topological chaos, while a “chaos + chaos = order” paradox can be only detected for the case of physically obse...

The well-known Braess paradox in congestion games states that adding an additional road to a transportation network may increase the total travel time, and consequently decrease the overall efficiency. Motivated by this, this paper presents a paradox in a similar spirit emerging from another distributed resource allocation game on networks, namely the power allocation game between countries dev...

Nowadays, chaos theory, turbulence and nonlinear dynamics lack research focuses. Here we mention a few major open problems: 1. an effective description of chaos and turbulence (chaos and turbulence engineering), 2. rough dependence on initial data – short term unpredictability (turbulence physics), 3. arrow of time, 4. the paradox of enrichment, 5. the paradox of pesticides, 6. the paradox of p...

The sustainability of archival institutions will be greatly affected by attempts to mitigate their carbon footprint to meet the challenges of global climate change. This paper explores how recordkeeping practices may enhance or undermine the sustainability of archives. To enhance sustainability, it is a common practice to increase the efficiency of recordkeeping practices. However, increases to...

n the Editorial Comment by Lavie and Milani (1) accompanying he report by Reeves and associates (2), the correspondents used as heir title “Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: The Hippocrates aradox?”. Lavie and Milani began their comment by quoting a tatement by Hippocrates, namely, “Sudden death is more comon in those who are naturally fat than in the lean.” Clearly ippocrates recognized the ...

In February this year, a new edition of Geoffrey Rose’s classical book Strategy of Preventive Medicine was published, with a commentary by Kay-Tee Khaw and Michael Marmot. The commentary summarizes the life and work of Geoffrey Rose, explains the main content and impact of the classical book and gives plenty of examples that illustrate the validity of Rose’s theses. Coincidentally, in the Febru...

As noted by Anscombe (1976), the disposition of a set of proposals by majority rule does not preclude the existence of a majority of voters, each of whom disagrees with the outcomes in a majority of cases. It is intuitively clear, however, that when proposals are adopted or rejected, on average, by a sufficiently strong consensus, such a state of affairs cannot materialize. Indeed, we show for ...

The direction of an association at the population-level may be reversed within the subgroups comprising that population-a striking observation called Simpson's paradox. When facing this pattern, psychologists often view it as anomalous. Here, we argue that Simpson's paradox is more common than conventionally thought, and typically results in incorrect interpretations-potentially with harmful co...

Historically, Nelson Goodman's paradox involving the predicates 'grue' and 'bleen' has been taken to furnish a serious blow to Carl Hempel's theory of confirmation in particular and to purely formal theories of confirmation in general. In this paper, I argue that Goodman's paradox is no more serious of a threat to Hempel's theory of confirmation than is Hempel's own paradox of the ravens. I pro...

Feld’s friendship paradox states that “your friends have more friends than you, on average.” This paradox arises because extremely popular people, despite being rare, are overrepresented when averaging over friends. Using a sample of the Twitter firehose, we confirm that the friendship paradox holds for >98% of Twitter users. Because of the directed nature of the follower graph on Twitter, we a...