The present study was designed to investigate a possible relationship between "recursive anxiety" and paradoxical intention. Groups of subjects were chosen from among individuals with public speaking concerns. and for whom fear of fear or recursive anxiety clearly represented an important element, or was completely absent from the clinical profile. These subjects were offered a standard in vivo...

Three patients are described in whom one or more carotid territory transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) were preceded by sneezing, straining, or bending over. It is argued that the mechanism involved dislodgment of embolic material from the site of carotid atheroma. This mechanism should be considered as an alternative to paradoxical embolism when TIAs are precipitated by such physiological manoe...

RATIONALE Paradoxical embolism (PDE) refers to direct passage of venous thrombi into the arterial circulation through an arteriovenous shunt. PATIENT CONCERNS Case 1 presented with initial symptoms of shock and cerebral infarction. Case 2 developed middle cerebral artery occlusion during angiography. DIAGNOSES 2 cases were diagnosed as PDE. INTERVENTIONS They received thrombolytic therapy...

Paradoxical embolization of venous thrombus into the abdominal aortic bifurcation has been diagnosed by means of aortography. Lower limb phlebothrombosis accounting for the embolus formation has been demonstrated by phlebography. Arterial embolectomy and venous thrombectomy were successfully performed. Recovery was complete without sequelae.

Background and Purpose: A patent foramen ovale has been reported to be significantly more frequent in young stroke patients than in matched control subjects, and paradoxical embolism has been suggested as the main mechanism of stroke in this situation. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis. Methods: Sixty-eight consecutive patients under 55 years of age presenting with an ische...

Paradoxical reactions in tuberculosis have been reported in patients with tuberculous meningitis and appear as intracranial tuberculomas within 14-270 days of starting antituberculous therapy (ATT). Paradoxical reactions are due to the immune response of the host to ATT. They are commonly seen in the intensive phase of chemotherapy. However, paradoxical reactions occurring after completion of A...

Asthma is a common condition that can substantially affect patients' quality of life. Although several drugs, most commonly beta-adrenergic agonists, alleviate symptoms of asthma, they may cause paradoxical bronchospasm or paradoxical bronchoconstriction. Levalbuterol hydrochloride-a pure form of the (R)-stereoisomer in racemic albuterol-eliminates the adrenergic properties that can cause such ...

The echinocandin antifungal drug caspofungin at high concentrations reverses the growth inhibition of Aspergillus fumigatus, a phenomenon known as the "paradoxical effect," which is not consistently observed with other echinocandins (micafungin and anidulafungin). Previous studies of A. fumigatus revealed the loss of the paradoxical effect following pharmacological or genetic inhibition of calc...

Air embolism is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patent foramen ovale, which is necessary in fetal circulation, is a potential route for emboli arising from the venous system to enter the systemic arterial circulation, resulting in paradoxical air embolism syndrome. A case of paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. To our knowledge, this is...

Decompressive craniectomy is reserved for extreme cases of intracranial hypertension. An uncommon complication known as paradoxical herniation has been documented within weeks to months following surgery. Here we present a unique case within days of surgery. Since standard medical treatment for intracranial hypertension will exacerbate paradoxical herniation, any abrupt neurological changes fol...