Visual inspection may fail to accurately evaluate field cancerisation (subclinical actinic keratoses [AKs]). We aimed to describe field cancerisation by confocal reflectance microscopy and changes induced by the application of 3% diclofenac sodium gel in 2.5% hyaluronic acid. Fourteen male patients, > 50 years old, with AKs on the bald scalp were included. Clinical examination, confocal microsc...

BACKGROUND Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immune deficiency, described as Job(`)s syndrome characterized by increased serum levels of IgE, eczema, recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections. In this paper, we presented a case of Hyper IgE syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION A 16-year-old Iranian boy presented with a one year history of skin lesions in knees and elbows was diagnosed of ...

We report a case of an 80-year-old female who presented with a four-year history of a growing mass in the perianal area with pain and bleeding during defaecation. Clinical examination revealed a locally destructive, cauliflower-like, verrucous mass measuring 10 × 12 cm in diameter. Histologic findings revealed a moderate degree of dysplasia of the epithelium with koilocytosis atypia, acanthosis...

Verruciform xanthoma is a benign mucocutaneous, uncommon, nonsymptomatic lesion of uncertain etiopathology, which occurs mostly on the oral mucosa of middle-aged individuals. Histopathologically, VX is diagnosed by presence of lipid-laden foam cells in papillary region of connective tissue. A 60-year-old male patient presented with a painless growth on the left buccal mucosa. On clinical examin...

A 51-year-old man reported with progressive thickening of the skin of the hands and feet since the age of 6yrs. It was largely asymptoma c; however, brisk walking caused excessive swea ng, pain, and widening of the fissures on the soles of the feet. He also had scaly raised lesions on legs and knees. His mother, maternal aunt, cousin and nephew had similar lesions. Examination of the soles of f...

Trastuzumab (Herceptin), a humanized monoclonal antibody, is a cancer drug developed to target the human epidermal receptor (HER) 2, which is overexpressed in some cancer cells. Cutaneous side effects, such as folliculitis, xerosis, and alopecia have not been reported with therapies targeting HER2, in spite of the frequent observances of such with the therapies targeting the epidermal growth fa...

Verruciform xanthoma represents a rare disease of unknown etiology that typically affects the oral mucosa. In most cases, it is asymptomatic and characterized by a well demarcated elevation with irregular or papillary surface. The gums are the most affected oral site, and the lesion is usually less than 2 cm in diameter. The aim of this study is to report a rare case of an extensive verruciform...

background: hyper ige syndrome (hies) is a rare primary immune deficiency, described as job`s syndrome characterized by increased serum levels of ige, eczema, recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections. in this paper, we presented a case of hyper ige syndrome.case presentation: a 16-year-old iranian boy presented with a one year history of skin lesions in knees and elbows was diagnosed of pso...

Aberrant cytokine expression has been proposed as an underlying cause of psoriasis, although it is unclear which cytokines play critical roles. Interleukin (IL)-23 is expressed in human psoriasis and may be a master regulator cytokine. Direct intradermal administration of IL-23 in mouse skin, but not IL-12, initiates a tumor necrosis factor-dependent, but IL-17A-independent, cascade of events r...