Four carbonate system variables were measured in surface waters during a cruise aimed at investigating ocean acidification impacts traversing northwestern European shelf seas in the summer of 2011. High-resolution surface water data were collected for partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2; using two independent instruments) and pH using the total pH scale (pHT), in addition to discrete measu...

Since around 1950, physiological dead space - the difference between arterial and mixed expired pCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) divided by the arterial pCO2 - has been a useful clinical parameter of pulmonary gas exchange. In the previous issue of Critical Care, Niklason and colleagues remind us that physiological dead space, while easily measured, consolidates potentially very comple...

Ocean acidification affects a wide diversity of marine organisms and is of particular concern for vulnerable larval stages critical to population replenishment and connectivity. Whereas it is well known that ocean acidification will negatively affect a range of calcareous taxa, the study of fishes is more limited in both depth of understanding and diversity of study species. We used new 3D micr...

The evolution of organic carbon export to the deep ocean, under anthropogenic forcing such as ocean warming and acidification, needs to be investigated in order to evaluate potential positive or negative feedbacks on atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and therefore on climate. As such, modifications of aggregation processes driven by transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) formation have the potent...

Elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2) are likely to lead to substantial warming in the coming century with altered hydrological regimes, thereby affecting the distribution of plant species. Here I use an individual-based modeling approach to plant diversity to estimate the impact of global climatic change on the geographic distribution of plant diversity. Differences in t...

In this paper, we are interested to determine the carbon dioxide pressure in the arterial blood through radial velocity difference. The blood was modeled as a two phase mixture (an aqueous carbon dioxide solution with carbon dioxide gas) by Drift flux model and the Young-Laplace equation. The distributions of mixture velocities determined from the considered model permitted the calculation of t...

BACKGROUND The effects of hypercapnic acidosis on the diaphragm and its recovery to normocapnia have been poorly evaluated. The authors studied diaphragmatic contractility facing acute variations of arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2) and evaluated the contractile function at 60 min after normocapnia recovery. METHODS Thirteen piglets weighing 15-20 kg were anesthetized, ventilated, and s...

To investigate the correlation and accuracy of transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure (PTCCO2) with regard to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) in severe obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Twenty-one patients with BMI>35 kg/m(2) were enrolled in our study. Their PaCO2, end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PetCO2), as well as PTCCO2 values were...