During the past year genetic and pharmacological experiments have revealed a molecular basis for the cross-talk between signaling pathways mediating pathogen and herbivore resistance. These findings provide considerable insight into the apparently contradictory results reported for trade-offs between pathogen and herbivore resistance.

The importance of oxidase-positive, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacilli in a variety of pathological processes is becoming increasingly important. Oligella urethralis is an organism which is normally isolated as a commensal from the genitourinary tract. We have described one case of urinary tract infection caused by this organism. This isolated organism is found to be resistant to quinolones...

Host organisms can respond to the threat of disease either through resistance defenses (which inhibit or limit infection) or through tolerance strategies (which do not limit infection, but reduce or offset its fitness consequences). Here we show that resistance and tolerance can have fundamentally different evolutionary outcomes, even when they have equivalent short-term benefit for the host. A...

1 Studies conducted on natural host-pathogen metapopulations have revealed considerable diversity of host resistance phenotypes within populations. The resistance structure of non-infected populations has, however, been largely ignored and the role of among-population variation in resistance profiles in the dynamics of natural pathogen populations is poorly understood. 2 The Plantago lanceolata...

the fungal disease, ascochyta blight, caused by ascochyta rabiei is a major yield limiting factor of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) in many countries, including iran. identification of resistance sources against races or pathotypes of the fungus causing this disease is required for breeding resistant chickpea cultivars. reaction of six selected genotypes of iranian chickpea collection was evalua...

There is an imperative to consider alternative strategies to pharmaceuticals to control infectious diseases amongst livestock. Recent advances in genetics and genomics have highlighted the potential for genetic control strategies to maintain high health and performance levels in livestock populations. This special research topic focuses on two alternative host defence strategies for coping with...