approached with care, and either neovascularization across the flap should be confirmed or the main vascular pedicle should be left intact. We report a case of the total loss of a flap after a secondary operation was performed 18 months after successful reconstruction using a latissimus dorsi muscle flap. There is controversy concerning flap neovascularization, and many factors can compromise f...

Introduction The medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap was first described in 2001. Having constant anatomy, long pedicle, and pliable soft tissue, the flap was shown to be a good alternative option for soft tissue reconstruction. The aim of this study was to report our experience with this flap for reconstruction throughout the body, highlighting its potentially increasing role as a workh...

BACKGROUND A flap that carries sufficient tissue with satisfactory pedicle length or diameter and with minor donor site morbidity is an ideal option for the reconstructive surgeon. Many flaps have been described with each one having specific advantages. The vastus lateralis (VL)-muscle flap is among them, but no special attention has been given to its valuable use. To evaluate and to propagate ...

OBJECTIVE To identify post-operative computed tomography (CT) findings associated with delayed flap failures following head and neck cancer surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 60 patients who underwent flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer surgery and post-operative (3-14 days) contrast-enhanced CT scans for suspected complications. Patients were divided into t...

Objective: We describe a modification of the inferior pedicle reduction mammoplasty for oncoplastic reconstruction of a central tumor defect. Our technique involved a deepithelialized L-shaped medial inferior based flap with removal of lateral breast tissue after central lumpectomy with a contralateral Wise-pattern mastopexy with inferior pedicle for symmetry. This technique is ideal for patien...

vascularization of perforator flaps is based on small calibre cutaneous blood vessels, which, originating from a deep main pedicle, reach and cross the superficial fascia after passing through the muscles or the fibrous septa which separate them. use of these flaps has achieved popularity only in recent years and its application in the intra-oral region is even more recent. The Authors present ...

BACKGROUND It can be difficult to select an appropriate flap for various defects on the hand. Although defects of the hand usually must be covered with a skin flap, some defects require a flap with rich blood supply and adequate additive soft tissue volume. The authors present their experience with the anconeus muscle free flap in the reconstruction of various defects and the release of scar co...

BACKGROUND Current teaching suggests increased perfusion in free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps over pedicled TRAM flaps, broadening indications for its use in high risk patients. This study compared perfusion analysis of free muscle-sparing versus pedicle TRAM flaps in vivo in the peri-operative and late post-operative periods. METHODS The SPY-Elite system using indocy...