BACKGROUND The reconstruction of ankle and heel defects remains a significant problem for plastic surgeons. The following options exist for reconstructing such defects: local random flaps, reverse flow island flaps, and free flaps. However, each of these methods has certain drawbacks. Peroneal artery perforators have many advantages; in particular, they are predictable and reliable for ankle an...

Severe trauma injuries, such as open pelvic fractures and degloving injuries, have recently become salvageable. However, extensive soft-tissue defects often remain and can lead to disuse atrophy of the extremities, prolonged hospital stays, and numerous other problems. Such injuries can be easily and effectively treated by a general trauma surgeon performing the pedicled omental flap technique....

Designed as a true myocutaneous flap pedicled on the facial artery, the nasolabial flap is a robust and versatile flap that is well suited to single-stage reconstruction of oral cavity defects or to staged reconstructions of facial defects (Figure 1). This chapter will focus on oral cavity reconstruction. The redundant skin extending from the medial canthus of the eye to the inferior margin of ...

BACKGROUND Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction after mastectomy in breast cancer patients has become one of the milestones in breast reconstruction. There are several techniques that have been used in an attempt to minimize untoward complications. We present the whole muscle with partial sheath-sparing technique that focuses on the anatomy of arcuate line and the...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of jejunal serosal patch and jejunal pedicled flap procedures for the repair of duodenal injuries. METHODS The experimental animal-model study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in February 2013. Ten mixed-breed male dogs were selected and randomly divided into groups A and B. After general anaesthesia, a large duodenal defect was ...

Background: Breast reconstruction by using the rectus abdominis muscle (transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous, TRAM) flaps is a common procedure that has been per­ formed since the 1990s. Ipsilateral TRAM flaps were proven to be as safe as contralateral flaps for breast reconstruction. However, studies comparing the aesthetic outcomes of the two procedures are poorly described in the literat...

Resurfacing of the medial canthal region and bony nasal dorsum is a problem frequently encountered after tumor excisions. Traditional flaps used in this region from the glabellar and frontal areas are bulky, and donor site scar may be unsightly. A medial pedicled orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap is an alternative. A total of 12 flaps have been used to resurface the defects secondary to basal...

The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap is a relatively new flap that has yet to find its niche in reconstructive surgery. At the authors' institution it has been used for limb salvage, head and neck reconstruction, and trunk reconstruction in cases related to trauma, burns, and malignancy. The authors have found the flap to be advantageous for cranial base reconstruction and for resurfacing t...

INTRODUCTION Anatomy and classification of intercostal perforator flaps in addition to our experience with will be demonstrated for different indications. MATERIAL AND METHODS The intercostal vessels form an arcade between the aorta and the internal mammary vessels. Different pedicled perforator flaps can be raised on this neurovascular bundle to cover defects on the trunk. They are classifie...

Introduction. The vascularized corticoperiosteal flap is harvested from the medial femoral condyle and it is nourished by the articular branch of the descending genicular artery and the superomedial genicular artery. This flap is usually harvested as a free flap for the reconstruction of bone defects at forearm, distal radius, carpus, hand, and recently at lower limb too. Case Report. A 50-year...