Carbonated drinks elicit a sensation that is highly sought after, yet the underlying neural mechanisms are ill-defined. We hypothesize that CO(2) is converted via carbonic anhydrase into carbonic acid, which excites lingual nociceptors that project to the trigeminal nuclei. We investigated this hypothesis using three methodological approaches. Electrophysiological methods were used to record re...

Alpha-lipoic acid (1, 2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid; LA), synthesized in mitochondria by LA synthase (Lias), is a potent antioxidant and a cofactor for metabolic enzyme complexes. In this study, we examined the effect of genetic reduction of LA synthesis on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties using a model of LPS-induced inflammation in Lias+/- mice. The increase of plasma proinfla...

Artificially aminoacylated suppressor tRNAs were used to introduce photoreactive amino acids into model mitochondrial precursor proteins to probe the environment along the protein import pathway. Amino acids with benzophenone side chains of various lengths [DL-2-amino-3-(p-benzoylphenyl)propanoic acid (1) and DL-2-amino-5-(p-benzoylphenyl)pentanoic acid (2)] were incorporated at specific sites ...

Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti) causes millions of deaths every year being the vector many human diseases like dengue virus, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika. Phytochemicals area blend secondary metabolites which are eco-friendly as well controlling agents against A. therefore spread by them. Chromatographs GC-MS analysis petroleum ether extract Datura stramonium Morus alba leaves showed presence...

Ten herbal products, made up of five powdery and liquid samples different brands, were assessed microbiologically for the presence types microorganisms. Qualitative quantitative phytochemical screening above was also conducted to verify or absence bioactive components. bacterial species, viz: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginos...

0 d In this work, the group contribution approach has been used in combination with the linear isotherm regularity (LIR) equation of state to stimate pvT properties of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, ketones and 1-carboxylic acid. In addition, the isothermal compressibility nd thermal expansion coefficient of these compounds have been predicted. We assume each of these organic compoun...

According to observations of Weinland (2) and Schimmelpfennig (3) pentanoic, hexanoic and other volatile acids are products of fermentation of Ascaris. Although the findings of these authors have been confirmed (4-6), their significance with regard to the metabolism of Ascuris has remained open to question (7-11). The habitat of Ascaris, the host’s intestinal tract, harbors a wide variety of ba...

The understanding of catalytic mechanisms is enhanced by the observation surface intermediates at reaction conditions using spectroscopic techniques, but this insufficient, as observed species may not be involved in reaction. This work describes a general method analysis hydrogenation or oxidation reactions which uses transient data to determine whether an adsorbed reactive intermediate spectat...