From 2010 to 2013 in Japan, we isolated 11 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) from pigs showing respiratory symptoms. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that 6 H1N1 viruses originated from the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pdm 09) virus and the other 5 viruses were reassortants between SIVs and pdm 09 viruses, representing 4 genotypes. Two H1N2 viruses contained H1 and N2 genes originated from Japan...

Polarization-division multiplexed (PDM) transmission based on the nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) is proposed for optical fiber communication. The NFT algorithms are generalized from the scalar nonlinear Schrödinger equation for one polarization to the Manakov system for two polarizations. The transmission performance of the PDM nonlinear frequency-division multiplexing (NFDM) and PDM orthogo...

The objective of this paper is to test the influence of individual factors on employee participation in decision making (PDM) among Malaysian middle and top level managers in the private sector. The individual factors involved are trust, demographic similarities and idiocentrism-allocentrism. Leader-member exchange (LMX) is included as a moderating variable for the individual factor – PDM relat...

In the automotive domain, innovation is driven by the introduction and continuous improvement of electrical and electronic (E/E) components (e.g. sensors, actuators, and electronic control units). This trend is accompanied by increasing complexity of interdependencies between these E/E components. In addition, external impact factors (e.g. changes of regulations) demand for more sophisticated E...

The critical nitrogen (N) dilution curve is a suitable analytical tool for in-season estimation of N status to implement precision N management. This study was undertaken for a comprehensive comparison of N dilution curves in Japonica and Indica rice to investigate, whether a single curve can be used for both rice ecotypes and to determine the most robust plant index for assessing N status in r...

We have constructed PDM, a Programmable, Distributed Monitoring system for building performance monitoring/analysis, steering, and adaptive systems for largescale, parallel applications. PDM takes advantage of mobile languages to reduce monitoring overheads and offers new monitoring capabilities. PDM monitoring code is currently written in Tcl. PDM is capable of decomposing and distributing the...

Mechatronics development requires the close collaboration of various specialist teams and engineering disciplines. Developers from the different disciplines use domain-specific tools to specify and analyse the system of interest. This leads to different views of the system, each targeting a specific audience, using that audience’s familiar language, and concentrating on that audience’s concerns...

Shorter product life-cycles, growing product complexity and the need for a large number of product variants have made Product Data Management (PDM) increasingly important for many manufacturing companies. This thesis provides a survey of the most important concepts of PDM technology and illustrates the concepts by describing the design and implementation of an advanced document management syste...