The brain is particularly vulnerable to ischemia. Complete interruption of blood flow to the brain for only 5 minutes triggers the death of vulnerable neu-rons in several brain regions, whereas 20–40 minutes of ischemia is required to kill cardiac myocytes or kidney cells. In part, the prominent vulnerability of brain tissue to ischemic damage reflects its high metabolic rate. Although the huma...

The significance of apoptosis in focal ischemia was investigated in the spatial and temporal profiles of apoptotic cells caused by permanent and transient focal ischemia induced in male Wistar rats by intraluminal vascular occlusion. Animals were sacrificed at various times and coronal sections of the brain at the level of the optic chiasm were examined histologically by terminal deoxynucleotid...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The significance of brain temperature to outcome in cerebral ischemia is recognized. Numerous variations of depth, duration, and delay of cooling have been studied in animal models. It is important to become familiar with these studies to design appropriate clinical trials. With that in mind, a critical review of the pertinent literature is presented, taking into consider...

Objective: Although coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetic patients, it is frequently asymptomatic. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is reported to show ischemia in a significant number of asymptomatic diabetic patients. We studied the prevalence and severity of myocardial perfusion defects in asymptomatic diabetic patients and its clinical impact. Meth...

We studied headache features in 3,126 patients with acute cerebral or retinal ischemia. Headache occurred in 18% of these patients (in 16% of all patients with transient ischemic attacks, in 18% of patients with reversible ischemic neurologic deficits, and in 19% of patients with minor strokes) and was mostly continuous in all types of attacks. Headache was present in 16% of patients with monoc...

  Background and Objective: As one of the widely used drugs, aspirin (acetyl-salicylic acid, ASA) plays an important role in stroke treatment and prevention. In a previous study, we demonstrated ASA injection at 30 min after ischemia onset is neuroprotective. To determine whether the neurons protected by ASA had a normal ultrastructure, hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons were examined by Transm...

Objective(s): Particulate matter (PM) exposure can promote cardiac ischemia and myocardial damage. The effects of PM10 on hemodynamic parameters, lipid peroxidation, and infarct size induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury and the protective effects of vanillic acid (VA) in isolated rat heart were investigated. Materials and Methods: Eighty male Wistar rats (250–300 g) were divided into 8 groups...

Imaging of cardiac function and anatomy has advanced at an exponential rate over the past two decades. Our ability to quantitatively assess the degree of myocardial ischemia and accurately define the vascular anatomy using noninvasive techniques is greater than ever before. Current advances is cardiac imaging are allowing us to more safely assess patients for myocardial ischemia and better unde...