The current research aimed to examine the similarities and differences in bullying prevalence across six member states of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, United Arab Emirates. Level tests require measurement invariance be met before they can performed. In 2019, 45k people participated provided data for Trends International Mathematics Science Study (T...

The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of bilingualism and similarity/dissimilarity between first language (L1) and second language (L2) on word reading and phonological awareness of bilingual students. Totally 1614 monolingual and bilingual pupils from Tehran [Persian monolingual (Pm) area], Sanandaj [Kurdish-Persian bilingual (KPb) area] and Tabriz [Turkish-Persian bilingual (TPb)...

This paper presents a review of the e-government initiatives in the Arabian Gulf countries that form the Gulf Cooperation Council, GCC. Throughout the region, extensive efforts are being made to capitalize on the cyber technologies and enhance the government to citizen service. The described cases are from Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman,. While the effor...

The Arab world, which consists of the 22 member states of the Arab League, is undergoing a rapid transition in demographics, including fertility, mortality, and migration. Comprising a distinctive geographic region spread across West Asia and North East Africa and unified by the Arabic language, these states share common values and characteristics despite having diverse economic and political c...

Dehghani et al. well elucidated the role of urbanization and life style on epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) dispersal in Iran based on the ecological research data. The authors have raised the issue of "Urbanization" and attributed the growing prevalence of MS to the environmental factors, the rising trend of migration to urban areas and changes of lifestyle (1). Currently, there are int...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to systematically review the medical literature for the prevalence of waterpipe tobacco use among the general and specific populations. METHODS We electronically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the ISI the Web of Science. We selected studies using a two-stage duplicate and independent screening process. We included cohort studies and cross sectional st...

1 The Iowa Persian Gulf Study Group. Self-reported illnesses and health status among Gulf war veterans. A population based study. JAMA 1997;277:238-45. 2 Kang H, Mahan C, Lee K, Magee C, Murphy F. Illnesses among United States veterans of the Gulf war: a population-based survey of 30,000 veterans. J Occup Environ Med 2000;42:491-501. 3 Gray G, Smith T, Kang H, Knoke J. Are Gulf veterans sufferi...

Over the last few months a strong and steady expression of alarm about the humanitarian consequences of conflict in Iraq has come from the medical profession. 3 The latest report on the health impact of war in the Gulf has come from the WHO, and is a graphic illustration of the need for concern. Deterioration of public utilities, transport, and health infrastructures over the last twelve years ...

It is generally acknowledged that an integrated approach to teaching cardiovascular system (CVS) is clinically relevant. However, very little attention has been paid with respect to student perception of teaching CVS in an integrated problem-based curriculum. A questionnaire on the feedback and perception of medical students (n = 60) to their learning experience of CVS exposed early in the prob...