Mineral oils (also known as base oils, mineral base oils or lubricant base oils) are chemical substances prepared from naturally occurring crude petroleum oil. Crude oil is distilled first at atmospheric pressure and then under high vacuum to yield vacuum distillates and residual fractions that can be further refined to mineral oils. Mineral oils refined from petroleum crude oils are complex an...

MOTOR OILS Motor oils have been utilized since the development of steam engines as a buffer between moving and static engine components. The basic jobs of the lubricant are to prevent metal-to-metal contact and to transfer heat from friction away from the contact point. During the time of steam power, one of the best lubricants available was derived from rapeseed oil. With the development of in...

For the sour water strippers in petroleum refinery plants, three prediction models were developed first, including estimators of feed concentrations using convenient online measurements, minimum reboiler duty and corresponding internal temperature at a specific location (Tstage,29). Feedforward control schemes based on these models. Four categories schemes, feedforward, feedback, feedback with ...

Coboiling distillation is a special method of separating the azeotropic system mixture, which widely used in petroleum refining and chemical production. This paper reviewed selection characteristics azeoliling agents, introduced research progress home abroad detail. The compares advantages disadvantages traditional constant boiling new heat pump, compare advantages, presents prospect distillati...

This study examines the occupational dynamics of population as a result artisanal refining crude oil in Niger Delta using structured questionnaire administered to 240 household heads selected from two settlements, one far area refineries (controlled settlement) and other (experimental settlement). The covered location demographic characteristics respondents, well typology occupations. pair-wise...

The principal use of water by the petroleum refining industry in the United States of America is in the refining branch itself, and the present paper is concerned with problems arising from this use of water, and some of the measures being taken by the industry to solve these problems. The compilation oftheManualonDisposalof Refinery Wastes is briefly alludedto, and the importance ofrecirculati...