OBJECTIVE To compare time to clinical worsening (TTCW) based on initial oral therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related PAH. METHODS Using data from the Pulmonary Hypertension Assessment and Recognition of Outcomes in Scleroderma (PHAROS) registry (a multicenter prospective observational study enrolling SSc patients with incident pulmon...

Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac1 and Epac2) have been recently recognized as key players in β-adrenergic-dependent cardiac arrhythmias. Whereas Epac1 overexpression can lead to cardiac hypertrophy and Epac2 activation can be arrhythmogenic, it is unknown whether distinct subcellular distribution of Epac1 vs. Epac2 contributes to differential functional effects. Here, we chara...

Background and aims: Microemulsions (ME) basically are the mixture of oil, surfactant (SA) water, with a co (Co-SA) in different ratio. This is clear stable. The final prepared fluid possesses low viscosity. ME isotropic, stable transparent systems droplets diameter>500 nm. Due to small size, they may serve an excellent carrier for drugs having poor water solubility. Lornoxicam derivative al...

Driving models are needed by many researchers to improve traffic safety and to advance autonomous vehicle design. To be most useful, a driving model must state specifically what information is needed and how it is processed. Such models are called computational because they tell exactly what computations the driving system must carry out; To date, detailed computational models have primarily be...

Decision makers increasingly request evidence on the real-world cost effectiveness of a new treatment. There is, however, a lack of practical guidance on how to conduct an economic evaluation based on registry data and how this evidence can be used in actual decision making. This paper explains the required steps on how to perform a sound economic evaluation using examples from an economic eval...

In recent years, developments in the field of cosmetic ingredients especially use natural sources and carriers systems manufacturing methods resulted as an improvement effect stability cosmetics, thus performance component-based multi-functionalities products. Those have partially contributed to condition-dependent functionality, marketing, monitoring expectations their reflection on marketing ...

This study was aimed to investigate the bioequivalence of ibuprofen 125 mg suppository formulation (Ibukal®, test formulation from PT. Kalbe Farma, Tbk., Jakarta) and the ibuprofen suppository comparative formulation (Proris®, from PT. Pharos Indonesia, Jakarta) in 12 healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetic parameters used in this study were the area under the concentration-time curve from time...