Blockholder monitoring is central to corporate governance, but blockholders large enough exercise significant unilateral influence are rare. Mechanisms that enable moderately sized exert collective therefore important. Existing theory suggests engagement by unlikely, especially when the blocks held delegated asset managers who have limited skin in game. We present a model which multiple engage ...

objective: the aim of present study was to evaluate the quality, density and thickness of newly formed bone in experimental defects treated with combi-pack®, bio-oss® and biostite®. materials and methods: eight new zealand white rabbits were included in this randomized,blinded study. four equal 3×6 mm bone defects were created on the frontal and parietal bones of each animal and three were imme...

Gene duplication is an important mechanism for evolution of new genes. In plants, a special group of transposable elements, called Pack-MULEs or transduplicates, is able to duplicate and amplify genes or gene fragments on a large scale. Despite the abundance of Pack-MULEs, the functionality of these duplicates is not clear. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of expression and purifying s...

Pharyngeal muscle development in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans appears to share similarities with cardiac muscle development in other species. We have previously described CEH-22, an NK-2 class homeodomain transcription factor similar to Drosophila tinman and vertebrate Nkx2-5, which is expressed exclusively in the pharyngeal muscles. In vitro, CEH-22 binds the enhancer from myo-2, a phar...

Optogenetic approaches have proven powerful for examining the role of neural circuits in generating behaviors, especially in systems where electrophysiological manipulation is not possible. Here we describe a method for optogenetically manipulating single pharyngeal neurons in intact C. elegans while monitoring pharyngeal behavior. This approach provides bidirectional and dynamic control of pha...

Pharyngeal teratomas are rare. We present a mature solid teratoma (so called “hairypolyp”) involving naso- and oro- pharynx in a female infant who presented with a gradually enlarging mass at the roof of the mouth since birth. The pharyngeal mass was protruding into the mouth through a palatine defect pr...