A reflective-type display device based on phase change materials is attractive because of its ultrafast response time and high resolution compared with a conventional display device. This paper proposes and demonstrates a unique display device in which multicolour changing can be achieved on a single device by the selective crystallization of double layer phase change materials. The optical con...

Previous discovery systems have successfully rediscovered known scientific laws . However, they have addressed only limited parts of the empirical discovery task . In this paper we introduce an integrated discovery system (IDS) which addresses many issues of empirical discovery. IDS operates in three stages : taxonomy formation, qualitative discovery, and quantitative discovery. We focus on the...

The macroscopic model of solid-solid phase change presented makes use of internal variables to represent the phase fractions and the local strains. As such, it can be cast in the framework of standard materials with internal constraints. These constraints are accounted for by Lagrange's multipliers. Reversible or irreversible phase changes are considered in a general way. Material stability is ...

We used the binaural beat stimulus to study the interaural phase sensitivity of inferior colliculus (IC) neurons in the cat. The binaural beat, produced by delivering tones of slightly different frequencies to the two ears, generates continuous and graded changes in interaural phase. Over 90% of the cells that exhibit a sensitivity to changes in the interaural delay also show a sensitivity to i...

The transmission characteristics of an air-GaAs interface and the transient absorption and index spectra of the thin, photoexcited surface layer are investigated subsequent to excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. We find that the total phase change and transmission of a terahertz (THz) probe pulse are dominated by interface effects. This observation has important implications in the interpr...

Different materials with different phase changes on reflection affect the surface-height measurement when interferometric techniques are employed for testing objects constructed of different materials that are adjacent to one another. We test the influence of this phase change on reflection when vertical scanning interferometry with a broadband source is used. We show theoretically and experime...

The miniaturization boiling (micro-bubble emission boiling [MEB]) phenomenon, with a high heat removal capacity that contributes considerably to the cooling of the divertor of the nuclear fusion reactor, was discovered in the early 1980s. Extensive research on MEB has been performed since its discovery. However, the progress of the application has been delayed because the generation mechanism o...

Phase change materials are a promising strategy to reduce energy consumption in a wide range of applications including the building sector. Many studies have been done to evaluate the impact of PCM on thermal properties of building materials, however there exists little information on the influence of PCM on other properties of the support materials. This knowledge is necessary to determine the...

Memory based on phase change materials is currently the most promising candidate for bridging the gap in access time between memory and storage in traditional memory hierarchy. However, multilevel storage is still hindered by the so-called resistance drift commonly related to structural relaxation of the amorphous phase. Here, we present the temporal evolution of infrared spectra measured on am...