Binding studies between the electron accepting host cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) and a series of electron donors in the presence of differently sized counteranions reveal that both the nature and the concentration of the anion have a large impact on the association strength of the resulting host-guest complex.

A practical method is reported to enhance water permeability of thin film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membranes by decreasing the thickness of the selective PA layer. The composite membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction between meta-phenylene diamine (MPD)-aqueous and trimesoyl chloride (TMC)-organic solvents at the surface of polyethersulfone (PES) microporous s...

Four copper(II) complexes have been prepared using macrocyclic ligands. The macrocyclic ligands have been synthesized by the condensation reaction of diethyl phthalate with Schiff bases derived from o-phenylene diamine and Knoevenagel condensed β-ketoanilides (obtained by the condensation of acetoacetanilide and substituted benzaldehydes). The ligands and copper complexes have been characterize...

Liver and kidney microsomes have been found to catalyze a rapid decarboxylation of retinoic acid in vitro. The reaction requires NADPH and Fe(2+), and is further stimulated by the presence of pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate contained sufficient iron as an impurity to provide strong enhancement of the reaction in the absence of added iron. The decarboxylation could also be shown to occur n...

Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin have long been known to destroy cochlear and vestibular hair cells in vivo. In the cochlea outer hair cells are preferentially affected. In contrast, gentamicin will not damage outer hair cells in vitro unless it has been enzymatically converted to a cytotoxic metabolite. Several potential inhibitors of this enzymatic reaction were tested in an in v...

Schiff base containing symmetric bis-dithiocarbamate ligand Na2[dtc-SB-dtc] (SB = Bi-Schiff base Phenylene diamine) is synthesized and metallated with Co(II)Cl2.6H2O to form [Co(dtc-SB-dtc).2H2O]n Co(dtc-SB) infinite coordination polymer (ICP) nanowires [Co(dtc-SB) NWs]. Pair of Satellites in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of Co 2p confirm the formation of hexa-coordinated Co(I...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described for Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. A double antibody sandwich method was used, employing polyvinyl microtiter plates as the solid phase, a primary coat of monospecific rabbit antitoxin serum, an outer layer composed of a horseradish peroxidase-sheep antitoxin immunoglobulin G conjugate, and an ortho-phenylene-diamine substrate. Absor...

Nitroaromatic explosives like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-N-methyl-nitramine (tetryl) comprise an important group of toxic environmental pollutants, whose toxicity is mainly attributed to the flavoenzyme electrontransferase-catalyzed redox cycling of their free radicals (oxidative stress) and DT-diaphorase [NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, NQO1, EC 1. 6.99.2]-catalyzed f...

A number of quinones have been shown to be efficient anticancer agents. However, some mechanisms of their action, in particular cell signaling are not well understood. The aim of this study was to partly fill this gap by characterizing the mode of cytotoxicity of 2,5-diaziridinyl-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MeDZQ) in malignant mouse hepatoma cells (MH-22A) with regard to the expression and a...

One millisecond delayed light emission has been studied in isolated coupled lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. romaine) chloroplasts. Delayed light emission was increased upon addition of ferricyanide or 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylene diamine. In the presence of ferricyanide, the magnitude of the signal was increased by the addition of ADP (in the absence of orthophosphate), ATP, DI0-9, or phlorizin...