The shape of the coronary arterial pressure-flow relationship results from the interaction of a number of poorly understood physiological factors. Experiments in which coronary inflow and outflow pressures were coupled so that driving pressure was held constant showed that changes in inflow or outflow pressures altered coronary blood flow: coronary vascular resistance varied inversely with chan...

Venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography (VOP) is based on the assumption that the veins are occluded and arterial inflow is undisturbed by the venous cuff pressure. Literature is not clear concerning the pressure that should be used. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal venous occlusion pressure at which the highest arterial inflow is achieved in the forearm, calf, and l...

A method for generating three-dimensional, time-dependent turbulent inflow data for simulations of complex spatially developing boundary layers is described. The approach is to extract instantaneous planes of velocity data from an auxiliary simulation of a zero pressure gradient boundary layer. The auxiliary simulation is also spatially developing, but generates its own inflow conditions throug...

Aortic root and valve clots are rare but well described in patients on maximal left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. We performed a theoretical analysis using computational fluid dynamic analyses in two dimensions to try and ascertain if inflow cannula design/orientation/placement affect aortic root flow dynamics. Two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics using easy CFD-G was perfor...

PURPOSE Flow diverters (FD) are increasingly being considered for treating large or giant wide-neck aneurysms. Clinical outcome is highly variable and depends on the type of aneurysm, the flow diverting device and treatment strategies. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different flow diverting strategies together with parent artery curvature variations on altering intra-a...

The peripheral and central apparatus for extraretinal (non-visual) sensing of eye position by proprioception (inflow) is documented. The functional significance of this inflowing signal is shown by its role in (1) providing oculomotor stability in fixation and conjugacy, (2) specification of visual direction, (3) development of some visual functions, and (4) depth and vergence responses. Inflow...

Shear layer separated from a bluff bodyshaped structure is very sensitive to the inflow turbulence. Appropriate numerical simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer plays key points in the numerical study of the aerodynamic forces experienced by the structures immersed in the ABL. This paper describes the methods to simulate the inflow turbulence corresponding to different surface roughness. ...

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for aquatic organisms; however, excessive P inflow to limnetic ecosystems can induce eutrophication. P concentrations in the rivers, wetlands and lakes of Eastern China have been amplified by fertilizer and sewage inputs associated with the development of industry and agriculture. Yet, knowledge of the distribution and speciation of P is lacking at the re...

The single and interactive effects of altered water column nutrient concentrations and light availability on the growth of the seagrass Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) and its attached epiphytes were investigated in 110 liter microcosms. Experiments lasting 4 to 6 weeks were conducted seasonally during spring, summer and fall in a greenhouse equipped with flow-through seawater from the adjacent Yo...