Leptosphaeria maculans is the major pathogen of canola (oilseed rape, Brassica napus) worldwide. In Australia, the use of azole fungicides has contributed to the 50-fold increase in canola production in the last 25 years. However, extensive application of fungicides sets the stage for the selection of fungal populations with resistance. A high-throughput in planta assay was developed to allow s...

In late 2003, nine populations of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in Ontario Canada (seven of which had been previously sampled in early 1994, prior to the registration of sterol demethylation-inhibiting (DMI) fungicides for turf disease control in Canada) were sampled and tested for sensitivity to propiconazole. Four of the nine populations had not been treated with DMI fungicides during the interveni...

Fungicides are important tools for managing diseases in many crops. Unlike insecticides and some herbicides which kill established insects or weeds, fungicides are most commonly applied to protect healthy plants from infection. To be effective, fungicides must be applied before infections become established and in a sufficient spray volume to achieve thorough coverage of the plant or treated ar...

RATIONALE The purpose of this study was to identify the chemical responsible for cholestatic hepatitis in a 55-year-old woman who ingested 1,1'-iminodi (octamethylene) diguanidinium triacetate (iminoctadine triacetate), a fungicide. The fungicide formulation was also composed of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol (NP-40) and methanol. PATIENT CONCERNS Severe cholestatic hepatitis developed, which le...

Aoki, Y., Kawagoe, Y., Fujimori, N., Tanaka, S., and Suzuki, S. 2015. Monitoring of a single point mutation in the PvCesA3 allele conferring resistance to carboxylic acid amide fungicides in Plasmopara viticola populations in Yamanashi prefecture, Japan. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-RS-140041. The use of the carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicide mandipropamid to manage grapevine downy ...

A decision support system (DSS) for potato and tom ato late blight m anagem ent has been developed to provide disease m anagem ent recom m endations. The system is com prised of two disease-forecasting tools as well as a simulator. Results from simulation and field experim ents w ith the system have shown that the DSS schedules on moderately susceptible crops did not achieve sufficient disease ...

Mutualistic interactions with fungal endophytes and dinitrogen-fixing bacteria are known to exert key biological influences on the host plant. The influence of a fungal endophyte alkaloid on the toxicity of a plant has been documented in Oxytropis sericea. Oxytropis sericea is a perennial legume responsible for livestock poisoning in western North America. Livestock poisoning is attributed to t...

Banana is the fourth most important staple food in the world, behind rice, wheat, and maize, with more than 100 million tons produced annually [1]. Although the majority of bananas produced are consumed locally, banana export is a multi-billion–dollar business [2]. Bananas are grown in more than 100 countries worldwide, largely in developing countries in tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and La...

the aim of this study was to determine the environmental risk of pesticide a.i. applied to control insects and fungus in cereal farming in sanliurfa, turkey. in 2013, 8 active ingredients (a.i.) in cereal farming were applied for insect and fungus control in sanliurfa, turkey. these a.i. were alpha-cypermethrin(ec), chlorpyrifos(ec;wp), difenoconazole(ec), indoxacarb(wg), lambda-cyhalothrin(ec)...

Diseases of golf green turfgrasses cause unsightly spots and discolorations that are undesirable and unacceptable to golf course managers and the golfing public. The development of highly effective turfgrass fungicides has revolutionized disease management of turf, especially on golf courses. However, high levels of fungicides are required. Fungicide usage on golf courses, and greens especially...