background and aims: avian metapneumovirus (ampv) is rna virus responsible for upper respiratory disease in poultry which is usually accompanied by secondary bacterial infections. in iran, some molecular and serological studies indicated that ampv infection occurred in commercial poultry industry. materials and methods: in this study ampv was molecularly identified and characterized in an affec...

boophilus genus ticks are responsible for transferring some pathogens and reducing production factors in cattle. tropomysin (tpm) protein has actin regulator activity and playing important role in immune and allergic reactions. the main goal is to determine different aspects of phylogenetic, similarity, homology, structure and allergenicity of tpm protein. in prior study, we identified tpm by u...

the aim of the present study was to find the best or optimum topology of six chicken populations, which were genotyped based on nine highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. to reach this goal, different genetic distances based on infinite allele model (iam), stepwise mutation model (smm) and drawing phylogentic trees on un-weighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (upgma) method w...

sixteen avian influenza (ai) h9n2 viruses were isolated from disease outbreaks in different parts of iranduring (1998–2001). these ai isolates were used for pathogenicity, haemagglutinin (ha) gene variation andphylogenetic analysis. results in both pathogenicity tests and ha gene cleavage site sequence detectionrepresented a non-highly pathogenic feature for all iranian ai isolates studied. the...

Three known feline hemoplasmas are Mycoplsama haemofelis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’. They are described as cause of feline infectious anemia in domestic and wild felids. Other blood parasites or blood-related pathogens like concurrent retroviral infections may deteriorate the clinical condition and se...

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the contagious viral diseases in avian species. Recently, several ND outbreaks in pigeon caused by pigeon paramyxovirus serotype-1 (PPMV-1) have been reported in limited numbers from Iran and phylogenetic studies have been conducted on partial sequence of NDV fusion (F) gene. In the present study, ten PPMV-1, named Pigeon_paramyxovirus1_isolate_pigeon/Iran/UT_EG...

results slow and fast-growing groups of the mycobacterium strains were clearly differentiated based on the constructed tree of 56 common mycobacterium isolates. each species with a unique title in the tree was identified; in total, 13 nods with a bootstrap value of over 50% were supported. among the slow-growing group was mycobacterium kansasii, with m. tuberculosis in a cluster with a bootstra...

background and aims: hemagglutinin (ha) protein of avian influenza (ai) plays an essential role in the virus pathogenicity. ai h9n2 subtype causes significant economic loss in broiler and layer in poultry farms in iran. ai viruses have a great involvement in evolutionary changes at nucleotide and amino acid levels and vaccines could induce faster rates of such changes. up-dated understanding of...

conclusions overall, results of present study were consistent with the data reported earlier base on 5’ ntr in iranian isolates and revealed genotype ir2 is major genotype in iranian hgv-positive patient. it means there are higher similarities between iranian and europe-usa in hgv ns3 gene. results nucleotide blast results emphasized that most similar sequences to ir ns3 sequences were those fr...

conclusions the prevalence of b. hominis in the study area was lower than that reported for most developed countries, and unlike in other countries in the middle east, st4 was the most prevalent subtype. results blastocystis hominis was found to have a prevalence of 3.33% in the study population. there was no significant association of blastocystis infection with age (p = 0.3) or gender (p = 0....